A Study On The Characteristics Of College Students’ Physical Exercise Behavior And Its Influencing Factors From A Social-Ecological Perspective

Research purpose: With the social ecological model as the theoretical basis,through a comprehensive understanding of college students’ physical exercise behavior and its related factors,the main influencing factors of college students’ physical exercise behavior were analyzed from the individual,social relationship and campus environment at multiple levels through logistic regression to provide scientific reference for college students’ physical exercise behavior intervention and physical activity promotion.Research method: The main research object of this project is "Questionnaire on the Characteristics of College Students’ Physical Exercise Behavior in Social Ecological Perspective" through random sampling.A total of 830 questionnaires were returned.The questionnaires were tested for validity and retest reliability by expert questionnaire.Logistic regression(binary logistic regression)analysis was conducted from individual level factors,social relationship level factors and campus sports environment level factors respectively to finally obtain the factors influencing college students’ physical exercise behavior and put forward suggestions at different levels from the social ecological perspective.Research results:(1)Among the individual-level factors,gender,grade,major and BMI have statistically significant effects on college students’ physical exercise behavior.Compared with female college students,male college students preferred to participate in single-player form of physical exercise(OR=1.584,P=0.020),and the frequency of physical exercise was higher(OR=1.559,P=0.010),the intensity of exercise was higher(OR=0.022,P<0.001),and the total time of participating in physical exercise per week was longer(OR=0.56,P=0.004).Compared to different grades,freshman participated in physical exercise mainly in the form of group sports(OR=0.779,P=0.032),participated in physical exercise significantly more frequently than other grades(OR=1.774,P=0.029),participated in physical exercise significantly more intensely than other grades(OR=0.668,P=0.023),and the longest total time of physical exercise per week(OR=0.678,P=0.025).Comparing different majors,college students of liberal arts major participated in physical exercise mainly in the form of single person(OR=1.279,P=0.001),and college students of science and technology major participated in physical exercise more intensely than college students of liberal arts major(OR=1.285,P=0.017).the larger the BMI,the stronger the college students chose physical exercise(OR=1.325,P= 0.021).(2)Among the social relationship level factors,the influence of whether parents are often involved in sports and whether classmates in the dormitory are involved in sports on college students’ physical exercise behavior is statistically significant.College students whose parents were often involved in sports were mostly involved in the form of group sports(OR=1.614,p=0.020),and the frequency(OR=1.698,p=0.042)and intensity(OR=0.605,p=0.015)of participation in sports were both higher.The form of physical exercise among college students who regularly participated in sports in the dormitory was mostly collective(OR=1.753,P=0.023).(3)Among the factors at the level of campus sports environment,the influence of the area of sports venues per capita,the types of sports facilities,the distance of dormitories from sports venues,whether the environment of sports venues is comfortable,and the number of campus sports activities held on college students’ sports exercise behavior are statistically significant.The participation of college students in sports exercise in colleges with sufficient per capita sports hall area was mainly in group form(OR=1.517,p=0.011),and the more frequently they participated in sports exercise(OR=1.519,p=0.017).The richness of the variety of sports facilities was positively correlated with the frequency of physical exercise(OR=1.512,P=0.008).The closer the distance between the dormitory and the sports place,the more frequently college students participated in physical exercise(OR=1.643,P=0.033).The environmental comfort of the sports place can promote the frequency of college students’ participation in physical exercise(OR=1.599,p=0.022).In addition,the form of physical exercise of college students in colleges and universities with a high number of campus sports events was predominantly collective(OR=1.369,p=0.033).Conclusions:(1)For college students in Shijiazhuang,individual-level factors such as gender,grade,major,and BMI all had effects on college students’ physical activity behavior.The frequency,intensity,and total time of physical exercise were significantly higher for male college students,freshman,and science and technology major college students.(2)Among college students in Shijiazhuang,social relationship level factors such as whether parents are often involved in sports and whether classmates in the dormitory are involved in sports have an influence on college physical activity behavior.Both parents and classmates in the dormitory often participate in sports influence their forms of physical exercise,and college students whose parents often participate in sports have relatively higher intensity and frequency of participation in physical exercise.(3)For college students in Shijiazhuang,campus environment level factors such as per capita sports venue area,types of sports facilities,distance of dormitories from sports venues,environmental comfort of sports venues,and the number of campus sports activities held all have a greater influence on college students’ physical exercise behavior.College students with sufficient per capita area of sports venues,rich variety of sports facilities,dormitories close to sports venues,and feeling comfortable with the environment of sports venues participated in physical exercise relatively more frequently.