A Study On The Implementation Of The Minimum Living Allowance Policy For Rural Floating Population Based On Smith Model

In China,a certain amount of impoverished individuals exist,owing to disparities in natural conditions and unequal regional growth.After the implementation of the rural subsistence allowance system in 2007,China has greatly eased the living pressure of the poor and provided strong support for the strategic goal of poverty alleviation.But since 2012,with the continuous improvement of the new-type urbanization level,a large number of floating people have entered cities or relatively developed towns.China’s increasingly active population flow has injected strong impetus into the steady and healthy development of the economy and society.By 2020,China’s floating population has reached 375.82 million,and the population continues to flow to developed cities and urban agglomerations along the eastern coast.The continuous flow of population will inevitably have an impact on local social security policies.It is noteworthy that there are many groups on the edge of poverty among those floating population.Due to the restrictions of policies,these groups have been excluded from the scope of applying for minimum living allowances in living areas in the long term.The intervention of the floating population has had a non-negligible impact on the implementation of the subsistence allowance policy.Therefore,in the context of new urbanization,it is necessary to conduct a field survey on the implementation of the subsistence allowance policy for the floating population by analyzing its impact to find an optimal path for policy implementation,which is practical and theoretical.The research shows that Smith model is an effective policy implementation process model,which simplifies the influencing factors of policy implementation into four aspects:idealized policy,implementation agency,target group,and environmental factors.This model is more systematic and fully operational.Therefore,this thesis will choose Smith model,combine interview method,case study method,literature research method and other methods to study the implementation of the minimum living allowance policy for the floating population in X town around the four factors of "policy itself,executive subject,target group,and policy environment".Interviews,case studies,literature research,and so on-all of these methods are employed.In this thesis,the Smith policy implementation process model will be employed to analyze the implementation of the subsistence allowances policy for floating population in X town,taking into account the four factors of policy itself,executive bodies,target groups and the atmosphere of policy.Through the interview and investigation,it was found that the impact of the floating population in X town on the implementation of the subsistence allowance policy.In terms of the policy itself,the application for subsistence allowances is restricted by the household registration system and the management of the floating population is difficult.For the executors,it is difficult to verify the family economy and they have low salary.There are not enough staff to finish the tasks about subsistence allowances.In terms of target groups,the floating population has low awareness of policies and political participation.They tend to get help based on blood and kinship.In terms of policy environment,the floating population is prone to geographical discrimination.The lack of supervision is found in the process of policy implementation.Because of such problems,an optimized path for the implementation of the subsistence allowance policy is proposed.At the aspects of policies,on the one hand,the government should expand the coverage of the subsistence allowance policy,including the floating population in the scope of protection.On the other hand,they need to further implement the residence permit system to improve the management mechanism of the floating population.For executors,it is necessary to improve the treatment of grass-roots staff to improve their enthusiasm for work,expand their work force through the purchase of services,or strengthen training to improve the construction of grass-roots talent team.In addition,the government should also play the role of enterprises in the new urbanization and encourage township enterprises to dynamically manage their floating personnel through trade unions or other special departments,which has reached the goal of timely relief.At the term of target groups,improving the awareness of the floating population on the policy by advertising can be useful.The government should smooth the channels for the expression of the floating population’s demands.About policy environment,the government should strengthen the supervision of the implementation process of the policy.Village committees and enterprises can regularly hold activities to enhance the communication between the floating population and the local population,removing the contradiction between the two groups.