A Study On The Instructional Design Of Life Science Area In Elementary School Science Curriculum Based On STEM Theory

STEM education is a new project-based,problem-solving approach to teaching and learning that integrates knowledge and skills from four fields: science,technology,engineering,and mathematics.The concept of STEM education is not about separating disciplines or simply adding or subtracting from them,but rather emphasizing the "integration" of disciplines.To enable students to discover and organize knowledge and problem-solving from different disciplines,integrate relevant disciplinary knowledge,use what they have learned to seek answers to their questions,engage in task-driven learning,develop their sense of innovation,independent inquiry and problem-solving skills,and improve their scientific literacy at an integrated level.The elementary school science curriculum is an important subject in elementary education for developing students’ core science literacy,and is a fundamental,practical and comprehensive subject.In the new curriculum standards,it is proposed to enhance students’ core science literacy through the implementation of four interdisciplinary core concepts,and the interdisciplinary integration approach not only ensures the scientific and contemporary nature of the curriculum,but also promotes the formation of students’ core literacy more effectively.This is relatively in line with the STEM education concept.Therefore,based on the background of the new curriculum,this study uses the STEM instructional design model to design the curriculum teaching in the life science area of the elementary school science curriculum,which helps to cultivate students’ core science literacy and also provides some reference for the development of STEM education in the elementary school science classroom in China.Firstly,by combing and analyzing the literature,we clarify the history of STEM education development and point out the development trend of STEM education in China.Taking the new curriculum standards of elementary school science curriculum as the background,we analyze the new standards of elementary school science regarding interdisciplinary teaching content and clarify the importance of elementary school science teaching design that integrates STEM education concepts.Secondly,the teaching model is constructed.Through research and analysis of different types of STEM curriculum teaching cases at home and abroad,the elementary school science teaching design model incorporating STEM concepts is explored based on theories such as constructivism,context creation and 6E teaching model.Based on the new standards of the elementary school science curriculum,we integrated the teaching design model,took the textbook version of the third grade elementary school science textbook,unit 2,"The Life of Animals" as the teaching content,conducted teaching analysis,clarified STEM objectives,and designed teaching activities and teaching evaluation.In this study,two classes were selected as experimental and control classes for controlled teaching practice,and questionnaires,process evaluation forms were collected,and classroom observations were used to analyze the effectiveness of the STEM learning model in elementary school science classrooms from multiple perspectives and dimensions.Finally,by analyzing the data,it was concluded that:(1)Teaching elementary school science under the STEM concept is conducive to improving students’ motivation and attention in science classes,increasing their interest in science classes,enhancing their motivation to learn and take the initiative to learn about science,love science and explore science.(2)Giving full play to students’ autonomy,in the process of inquiry,students think independently,make conjectures,set plans,collect data,and analyze rigorously to draw conclusions,which cultivates students’ independent problem-solving ability and rigorous attitude towards scientific inquiry.(3)In the group cooperation discussion and reporting,students learn from each other and develop their self-confidence and language skills in the process of expression.It significantly improves the teaching effect and effectively promotes the cultivation and development of students’ core science literacy.