Research On The Evolution Of China’s Postgraduate Education Policy (1977-2022)

Graduate education is an important pillar of national technological and talent competition,and plays an important role in building an innovative country and promoting the construction of a socialist modern power.Graduate education policies guide the overall direction of graduate education reform and development,coordinate internal and external contradictions in graduate education,promote high-level talent cultivation,and provide policy support for the scientific development of graduate education.Based on this,this study takes China’s graduate education policy from 1977-2022 as the research object,mainly using literature research,historical research,and comparative research methods to review the historical trajectory of the evolution of China’s graduate policy over the past 40 years,combining the historical background of each period,analyzing its impact factors,summarizing the characteristics presented in the evolution process,and reflecting on the problems that have existed over the past 40 years,Propose solutions and suggestions for improvement.This study consists of five parts:The first part is an introduction.It mainly describes the research background and research issues of this topic,clearly defines the concept of verification,classifies and summarizes the academic research results based on a full grasp of existing literature,and proposes the innovation of this article.The second part is a review of the evolution of China’s graduate education policy.According to the order in which the policies were issued,the development process of graduate education policies from 1977-2022 was divided into three periods: the recovery and development period(1977-1992);The period of adjustment and reform(1993-2012);The period of optimization and improvement(2013-2022)provides a comprehensive analysis of the key points of the evolution of graduate education policies in different periods.The third part is the analysis of the factors influencing the evolution of China’s graduate education policy.Mainly from the four aspects of politics,economy,ideology and culture,and internal development logic,this paper summarizes the internal and external influencing factors encountered in the process of policy development.The fourth part,based on the policy text,summarizes the distinctive characteristics of the evolution of graduate education policy: from restoring and expanding enrollment to optimizing enrollment;From preliminary hierarchical cultivation to emphasis on cultivation quality;Gradually increasing financial support and improving the investment mechanism;From "emphasizing learning rather than technology" to emphasizing the construction of professional degrees.The fifth part summarizes the problems existing in the development of graduate education policies since the resumption of graduate enrollment in 1977: inadequate talent cultivation mechanisms,lack of policy evaluation feedback;Relevant laws and regulations are not perfect,and supporting policies need to be strengthened;Policies are relatively lagging behind social needs,and concepts are not updated in a timely manner.Propose effective measures to optimize policies in response to the problems:promote the reform of graduate education training mechanism based on training quality;Accelerate the introduction of supporting policies for graduate education,focusing on institutional construction;Strengthen the top-level design of applied talent cultivation based on service demand.