A Comparative Study On Executive Function Of College Athletes In Different Sports

Objective: The study confirmed that different exercise programs can promote executive function,and different exercise intervention programs have different effects on the body’s executive function.Physical activity load,physical activity mode and physical activity content are variables that affect the executive function of athletes.In this study,the influence of sports items based on movement differences on the body’s executive function was discussed,aiming to explore the difference of the influence of long-term sports training with different movement structures on the executive function of college athletes.Research methods: According to the structural attributes of movements,this study selected 5 movement categories and 8 sports items,which are: Single movement structure category cyclical(swimming),single movement structure category mixed(high jump,long jump,triple jump,javelin throw),multiple movement structure category fixed combination(rhythmic gymnastics),multiple movement structure category variable combination individual event(badminton),multiple movement structure category variable combination collective event(basketball).The sample size calculated by Gpower3.1 was 200 cases,and 40second-level and above college athletes were selected as experimental subjects.The experimental program was designed using E-Prime3.0 software.The Stroop task,the More-odd shifting task and the 2-back task were used to measure the suppression function,the conversion function and the refresh function of the experimental subjects.Results:(1)Inhibition function test.By comparing the Stroop task accuracy,reaction time and interference effect among the five groups,it was found that there were significant differences in interference effect among the five groups(P=0.027),and the interference effect of the rhythmic gymnastics group was significantly lower than that of the basketball group(P=0.013).However,there was no significant difference in the accuracy,response time and interference effect of the other groups,indicating that the fixed combination of multiple motion structures can promote and improve the inhibition function more significantly.(2)Transformation function test.By comparing the accuracy and response time of the five groups of subjects completing the More-odd shifting task,we found that there were significant differences between the five groups in the response time of the non-shifting task and the shifting task(P=0.016,P=0.027).The response time of non-switching task and switching task of badminton group was significantly lower than that of rhythmic gymnastics group(non-switching task P=0.005,switching task P=0.016),but there was no significant difference in the accuracy and reaction time of the other groups,indicating that the multi-movement structure variation combined individual sports can promote and improve the conversion function more significantly.(3)Refresh function test.By comparing the accuracy and reaction time of the five groups of subjects in completing the 2-back task,it can be found that there is no significant difference in the accuracy and reaction time between the five groups.However,from the result of reaction time,there was a certain difference between the five groups of reaction time,the rhythmic gymnastics group reaction time was slightly short,indicating that the multi-movement structure of the fixed combination movement can produce a slightly better promotion and improvement of the refresh function.Conclusion:(1)Because of the different structure of special movements,the executive function of college athletes who have been trained in different sports for a long time is different.(2)Rhythmic gymnasts have more advantages in inhibition function than basketball players,and are slightly better than badminton,high jump,long jump,triple jump,javelin thrower and swimming athletes,showing less interference effect.(3)The conversion function of badminton athletes is more advantageous than that of rhythmic gymnasts,slightly better than that of swimming,high jump,long jump,triple jump,javelin thrower and basketball athletes,showing shorter reaction time.(4)Rhythmic gymnasts are slightly better than high jump,long jump,triple jump,javelin thrower,swimming,basketball and badminton athletes in terms of refresh function,showing that the reaction time is slightly shorter.