Research On The Diffusion Of Public Rental Housing Policy Of Local Governments In China

Policy diffusion is an important part of the process of public policy formulation,and also an important topic of policy research.The public rental housing policy is the product of the reform process of China’s housing security system,and it is an important measure to realize the"low-end security" and " have a place to live".Since 2008,Shenzhen first adopted the public rental housing policy,and after 12 years of diffusion,293 prefecture-level cities in Chinese mainland have all adopted the public rental housing policy by the end of 2020.The diffusion of this important policy has attracted wide attention from the academic community.What is the background and source of public rental housing policy?What are the characteristics of public rental housing policies in the process of diffusion?What factors will affect the spread of public rental housing policies?The key issues are unclear.From the perspective of policy diffusion,this paper takes the public rental housing policy as the research object,conducts two studies on the diffusion process and the influencing factors of diffusion,and tries to answer the above questions.Research 1 discusses the background source and diffusion process of public rental housing policy by using qualitative analysis method.First of all,as far as the background source is concerned,public rental housing is a new type of affordable housing launched by the Chinese government to guarantee residents after low-rent housing and affordable housing.Both the theoretical research and the practice of the public rental housing policy originate from foreign countries.Secondly,as far as the diffusion process is concerned,(1)the policy diffusion presents an S-shaped curve in time.Both at the provincial level and the prefecture-level level,the diffusion of public rental housing policy shows significant diffusion effect,and presents an S-shaped curve with the advancement of diffusion time.(2)The aggregation effect and proximity effect of policy diffusion are significant in space.After the local government adopts the public rental housing policy,it will form some stimulus to the neighboring areas,and the surrounding government will make some stress response to this.(3)The policy diffusion path is bottom-up diffusion and top-down diffusion coexist.Bottom-up diffusion and top-down diffusion are not completely independent paths.In China’s unique policy practice,the two are organically coordinated to form a unique development track of "absorbing one radiation".(4)The speed of policy diffusion varies significantly among regions.The four regions are different in the starting time and speed of the diffusion of public rental housing policies.The second study uses the event history analysis method to verify the influencing factors of the diffusion of public rental housing policy.The study found that:(1)the administrative pressure represented by the provincial government pressure,the neighborhood effect represented by the neighboring government pressure and the average housing price in the real estate development have a significant positive impact on the spread of public rental housing policies in prefecture-level cities.(2)Housing investment in real estate development and the flow of leaders represented by the exchange and transfer of mayors have no significant impact on the diffusion of public rental housing policies.The above results show that when deciding whether to adopt the public rental housing policy,the prefectural level government is neither a"puppet" driven by external pressure or a "rational economic man" who acts exactly in accordance with the maximum income,but a limited rational innovative actor under the relatively stable institutional structure.Based on the qualitative analysis and event history analysis results,this paper proposes the following suggestions for the subsequent development of public rental housing policy:first,strengthen the policy guidance of the superior and introduce the laws and regulations of public rental housing;the second is to implement the responsibility of the government to solve the problems;the third is to guarantee the construction land of public rental housing and establish the scientific and reasonable subsidy standard;the fourth is to improve the access and exit system of public rental housing and strengthen the supervision and management.