Research On The Selection And Influencing Factors Of Rural Pension Model Under Income Constraint

Today,the aging trend of the population is becoming increasingly serious,and the issue of elderly care has attracted much attention.The issue of aging in rural areas is increasingly prominent.To solve the problem of rural old-age care,we must start with the old-age care model,analyze the influencing factors of the choice of rural old-age care model,and explore the path suitable for the development of rural old-age care model.Among them,the income factor plays a decisive role in the choice of the elderly pension model.How to choose the pension model,what pension model to choose,and what pension services to provide to meet the pension needs of rural areas have become an urgent problem to be solved.Therefore,to explore the choice of pension mode for rural elderly under income constraints is not only about whether the elderly can enjoy their old age,but also about the stability and harmony of society and family.This paper takes the innovative income composition and income level of the rural elderly population as the starting point to study the impact of the income status of the elderly population on retirement choices.It also compares the effects of different income levels on retirement choices in rural areas through a comparative research method,this paper established a multinomial Logistic model based on theoretical analysis with rural elderly aged 60 or older as the research object,and conducted an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of the choice of retirement mode of rural elderly,as well as the influencing factors of the choice of retirement mode under different income levels,and concluded the following:(1)There are differences in the income composition of rural elderly people in terms of age,gender,region,and urban-rural areas.Although the income of elderly people varies,they still rely mainly on family elderly care.High income elderly people have the strongest preference for social elderly care,while low-income elderly people have the highest tendency to choose self care.(2)The income characteristics such as total income,net income from family transfer,net income from operation,net income from property,net income from social insurance transfer and net income from public transfer,as well as other characteristics such as age,gender,marital status,education level,region,number of children,intergenerational care,life satisfaction,personal financial assets,personal fixed assets,etc.,have a significant impact on the choice of old-age care model for rural elderly.(3)When rural elderly people at different income levels choose their old-age model,only net family transfer income and social insurance transfer income can have a significant effect on their choice of old-age model,regardless of the type of income level they are at.This indicates that for the rural elderly,only a solid income from family transfers and social insurance transfers can effectively guarantee their basic old-age needs.(4)The "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period is the key stage of the transformation of China’s population structure.Through the discussion of the selection of rural pension models,we realize the importance of improving the existing social security system,and we should constantly improve the level of rural basic pension security,build a diversified rural comprehensive pension model in line with the trend of population aging,and at the same time strengthen the social support capacity of the rural comprehensive pension model.