Spatio-temporal Variation Of Land Marketization In China And Its Influencing Factors

After 1978,China entered the reform and opening up stage and gradually established the paid transfer system for the use of urban construction land.During the gradual establishment of the land marketization system and the deepening of the reform,the compensated transfer system of land has played a significant role in promoting the urbanization and urban-rural integrated development.Central and local governments and land users have contributed different degrees of impetus to the land marketization system,and the degree of land marketization has gradually increased during this period.However,with the continuous development of economy and society,the driving force of economic development driven by land transaction is gradually insufficient,and infrastructure and emerging industries are becoming more and more important.The degree of land marketization tends to develop steadily from tide to tide.Therefore,it is very important to study the development law of land marketization and what factors affect land marketization.Based on the transaction structure method,this paper measures the degree of land marketization in 325 Chinese cities(league,autonomous prefectures,regions),and analyzes the influencing factors of land marketization by using the spatial Dubin model,and then puts forward corresponding suggestions according to the analysis results,in order to provide theoretical reference for deepening the market-oriented reform of land factors and realizing the high-quality development of land marketization.The results show that:(1)From 2010 to 2019,the supply area of state-owned construction land and the transfer area of "bid,auction and auction" showed "N-type" fluctuation.The land marketization level reached a peak in 2010,then the fluctuation decreased,and gradually recovered after 2018,showing phased characteristics.The land marketization level in Northeast China continues to decline,while that in central China fluctuates greatly.(2)The marketization level of urban land has a significant spatial correlation,that is,there is a spatial agglomeration phenomenon.The spatial pattern changed over time during the study period.The high and high values of land marketization level are distributed in the eastern coastal and southern regions,the median value is mainly distributed in the central region,and the low and low values are mainly in the western region.The hot spots were concentrated in the eastern coastal areas,which showed a pattern of gradually expanding,narrowing and then expanding over time.The cold spots are concentrated in southeast Xinjiang,Qinghai Province,western Sichuan Province and northern Yunnan Province,which experience the trend of expansioncontraction-expansion on the whole.(3)The change of land marketization level is the result of a variety of influencing factors.Per capita GDP,the output value ratio of the secondary and tertiary industries,and the urbanization rate will have a significant negative impact on the land marketization level,while the population density,the fiscal revenue and expenditure ratio,the total import and export volume are positively correlated with the land marketization level.The output value ratio of the secondary and tertiary industries has a negative spillover effect,while the population density has a positive spillover effect,which will significantly affect the land marketization level of the surrounding areas.(4)Per capita GDP has a negative impact on the marketization level of industrial,mining,warehousing and residential land,while the ratio of output value of secondary and tertiary industries has a positive impact on commercial and service land.Increasing investment in real estate development will promote the marketization level of industrial,mining,warehousing and commercial service land.Population density will significantly negatively affect the marketization level of land for all uses.The ratio of fiscal revenue and expenditure has a significant positive impact on the marketization level of industrial,mining,warehousing and residential land.The total amount of import and export has a significant positive impact on the marketization level of industrial,mining,warehousing and residential land.(5)In order to improve the level of land marketization,this paper believes that land policies should be perfected,land marketization should be developed according to local conditions,and coordinated development of all regions should be promoted.Revitalize the existing construction land and innovate the supply of industrial land;We will develop a unified urban and rural land market.