Research On Recycling Model Selection In An O2O Closed-Loop Supply Chain Considering Manufacturers’ Fairness Concern

The closed-loop supply chain contains the recycling and remanufacturing session of waste products,playing an important role in promoting the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly society.With the rapid development of the Internet,retailers’ sales model has gradually shifted from a single offline channel to online + offline dual channels.The rise of online trading platforms such as Taobao and JD and the arrival of the epidemic era drive the normalization of the O2 O model.In this context,on the one hand,the O2O model stimulates consumer demand and accelerates product upgrading,leading to increasingly serious resource waste and waste pollution.On the other hand,the application of the O2 O model will certainly affect the pricing and recycling decisions of manufacturers and retailers,and thus affect recycling model selection.The study of O2 O closed-loop supply chain is inevitable.In addition,behavioral economics suggests that firms are not fully rational.In real life,the retailers’ O2 O strategy will cause manufacturers to pay attention to fairness.Therefore,the recycling model selection in an O2 O closed-loop supply chain without considering fairness concerns and considering manufacturers’ fairness concerns is worth studying.This thesis firstly takes the O2 O closed-loop supply chain where manufacturer do not have fair concern as the research object,constructs single-channel recycling models and dualchannel recycling models.Integrally using Stackelberg game theory,optimization theory,comparative analysis and numerical analysis to solve and compare the models to explore the optimal recycling model selection of different subjects.On this basis,this thesis expands the selection of recycling mode in the case of considering manufacturers’ fairness concerns in an O2O closed-loop supply chain.We also analyze the impact of manufacturers’ fairness concerns on the decision and performance of O2 O closed-loop supply chain.The findings show that:(1)In the O2 O closed-loop supply chain without considering fairness concerns,the optimal single-channel recycling model for consumer,environmental manager,manufacturer,and retailer is retailer recycling model;the optimal dual-channel recycling model for consumer,environmental manager,and manufacturer is manufacturer and retailer co-recycling model,and the optimal dual-channel recycling model for retailer depends on the recycling channel competition coefficient;when both dual-channel recycling models and single-channel recycling models are available,the optimal recycling model depends on the recycling channel competition coefficient.(2)In the O2 O closed-loop supply chain considering manufacturer’s fair concern,the optimal single-channel recycling model for consumer,environmental manager,manufacturer,and retailer is retailer recycling model;the optimal dual-channel recycling mode for consumer and environmental manager is manufacturer and retailer corecycling model,and the optimal recycling mode for manufacturer and retailer is influenced by both the recycling channel competition coefficient and fairness concern coefficient;when both dual-channel recycling models and single-channel recycling models are available,the optimal recycling mode is also influenced by both the recycling channel competition coefficient and fairness concern coefficient.(3)The manufacturer’s fair concern behavior benefits the environmental performance under specific conditions in the manufacturer and retailer co-recycling structure but hurts the consumer surplus,environmental performance,manufacturer profit,and retailer profit in the remaining cases.This study provides pricing decision guidance and recycling mode selection suggestions for manufacturers,retailers,consumers and environmental managers under the O2 O closed-loop supply chain system,which can help manufacturers reduce production costs and optimize supply chain operations.At the same time,this thesis will make some contributions in alleviating environmental pollution and reducing resource waste,which meets the requirements of the concept of sustainable development and has a strong contemporary background and application value.