Research On Migrant Workers’ Return To Their Hometown And Entrepreneurship In Chengde,hebei Province Based On Marx’s Labor Transfer Theory

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the report of the 20 th Party Congress that "we must insist on safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood in development,encourage common struggle to create a better life,and continuously realize people’s aspiration for a better life".Migrant workers are the backbone of rural revitalization and the main force in promoting agricultural modernization.In recent years,with the promotion of China’s "Double Innovation" strategy,the government has been increasing its efforts in supporting innovation and entrepreneurship.In the background of this strategy,relevant departments around the world have issued policies and documents to support the return of migrant workers to their hometowns to start their own businesses,and a wave of migrant workers returning to their hometowns to start their own businesses has emerged.The number,scope and starting point of entrepreneurship are increasing,and migrant workers have been realizing their self-value and social value,showing a flourishing development and prosperous trend.This paper firstly adopts the literature analysis method to sort out Marx’s labor transfer theory,and briefly summarizes its main contents from three aspects: conditions of labor transfer,results of labor transfer and essence of labor transfer.It is pointed out that the conditions of labor transfer are the widespread application of modern farming technology and machines in agriculture;the result of labor transfer is inevitably the intensification of three major differences;and the essence of labor transfer is the increase of capital.Secondly,taking Marx’s labor force transfer theory as the guide,the practical requirements are put forward for the rural workers in Chengde to return to their hometowns and start their own business: firstly,to take the development of agricultural productivity as the fundamental requirement;secondly,to accelerate the adjustment and upgrading of rural industrial structure as the key link;thirdly,to overcome the disorderly expansion of capital as the core importance;fourthly,to adhere to the basic position of people’s supremacy as the value objective.Thirdly,the research methods of questionnaire survey and case analysis were used to investigate the situation of rural workers returning to their hometowns in Chengde City,Hebei Province,and a more comprehensive and objective analysis of the current situation of rural workers returning to their hometowns in Chengde City was carried out based on the research data.The research shows that the number of rural migrant workers in Chengde who return to their hometowns to start their own businesses is increasing;the majority of those who return to their hometowns to start their own businesses are engaged in the primary industry;the way of starting a business is mainly individual business;the overall economic benefits of returning to their hometowns to start their own businesses are higher than those of going out to work.At the same time,the research data show that the rural entrepreneurship in Hebei Chengde City has achieved certain results.The main manifestations are: making full use of natural conditions to develop productivity;innovating the "five unified sub" business model;creating five advantageous characteristic industry demonstration belts;promoting common prosperity to take a solid step;and promoting spiritual civilization development with education to help the will.Fourthly,we analyze the main problems in the entrepreneurship of returning migrant workers in Chengde City,Hebei Province,which are mainly manifested as follows: poor environment of returning entrepreneurship in Chengde City;insufficient funds for returning entrepreneurship;certain gap between the level of government management services and expectations;the willingness of migrant workers to return to their hometowns for entrepreneurship needs to be improved;and the low level of returning migrant workers’ own entrepreneurship.In view of these problems,the root causes of the problems are profoundly analyzed,mainly: insufficient investment of local finance in rural infrastructure;lack of own funds and financing difficulties for rural workers’ entrepreneurship;weak awareness of government services;insufficient publicity for entrepreneurship;and limited literacy of rural workers themselves.Fifthly,combining with the actual situation of Chengde City,the practical path to crack the bottleneck of rural workers’ entrepreneurship is proposed,mainly in the following five aspects: First,in the external environment,public services should be optimized to improve the entrepreneurial environment;second,in the financial guarantee,financial support should be increased and financing channels should be broadened;third,in the policy support,promotion and implementation should be strengthened and work responsibilities should be compacted;fourth,in the mobilization of rural workers’ enthusiasm to return to their hometowns,it is necessary to strengthen the financial support for rural entrepreneurship.Fourthly,in terms of mobilizing the enthusiasm of rural migrant workers to start their own business,we should strengthen the propaganda and guide them to start their own business in their hometown;Fifthly,in terms of improving themselves,rural migrant workers should establish a scientific concept of entrepreneurship and continuously improve their comprehensive ability of entrepreneurship.