Business Model And Financial Performance Of Urban Rail Transit Enterprises From The Perspective Of ES

Urban rail transit enterprise as one of the transportation hubs in a city,its importance is self-evident.Urban rail transit enterprises,as the main enterprises of their management,should not only provide public services for urban transportation in the process of operation,but also the operation and development mode of the enterprises themselves are very important in the process of urban development.Blindly pursuing the public welfare of rail transit without paying attention to the sustainability of internal economy will often bring huge financial pressure to local finance.Traditional subway companies are always faced with the situation of"relying on loans for construction and subsidies for operation".While bringing huge financial pressure,it is not conducive to promoting the sustainable development of urban infrastructure.The long-term loss management mode not only restricts the development of urban rail transit enterprises,but also leads to the mismatch of social resources.This paper mainly analyzes the business model that Shenzhen Metro first developed in Chinese mainland by drawing on some relatively advanced business strategies from foreign countries and Chinese Hong Kong.By combining the policy background,historical development,commercial layout,profit model and financial strategy of Shenzhen Metro,including the financial data and social responsibility report data of Shenzhen Metro over the years,This paper analyzes the diversified business operation mode of Shenzhen Metro for the purpose of achieving self-hematopoietic development,and analyzes the management idea of Shenzhen Metro from the initial subway operation as the pillar business to the development of TOD station and city integrated development as the main profitable business.This paper analyzes the profit mechanism,business model and financial data of Shenzhen Metro from the perspective of ESG and EVA.Through the case study of Shenzhen Railway Group,this paper explores and finds that it can achieve continuous profits for many years.On the one hand,it has the support from the policy level,on the one hand,the support from the policy environment for the integrated development of the station and city is increasing year by year,and on the other hand,the government’s policy of returning social and economic benefits to Shenzhen Railway Group.The second is the business strategy of Shenzhen Railway Group to adapt to local conditions,that is,to broaden the commercial composition of the integrated development of station and city constantly on the basis of the existing territory by expanding the economy of scope;the third is the financial strategy of Shenzhen Railway Group.For example,with the support of the municipal government and the financial department,the "workload"method is adopted respectively from the perspective of asset depreciation and financing interest,and the development value allocation method is adopted in financing interest,so as to improve the profitability of statements.Through the joint action of many parties,finally realize the stable profit of Shenzhen Railway Group for many years.This paper provides reference and experience for the business model of the rail transportation in big cities.The business model of urban rail transit is restricted by different urban planning,different economic level and different kinds of local policies.The article focuses on the enterprise perspective,which business strategy should be adopted to coordinate with the urban development function layout,economic level,environmental protection and land policies.This study aims to study how to promote the profitability of urban rail transit through effective business models from the perspective of ESG and enterprise-led perspective,and summarize rational business strategies through case studies.By analyzing its business model and corresponding profit strategies,this paper provides an all-round reference for the future rail transit management and comprehensive development along the lines of Chinese enterprises.At the same time,this paper enriches the research results of urban rail transit business model.Through case analysis and combining with relevant theories from the current hot ESG perspective,advanced cases and optimization strategies of urban rail transit business model are summarized,and a set of urban rail transit business model framework is established to effectively improve corporate financial performance and realize full-cycle accounting and profit.