Study On The Impact Of Different Land Disposal Methods On Farmers’ Willingness To Withdraw From Homestead

The homestead is the most basic living guarantee for farmers and an important property for farmers.It is an indispensable part of promoting rural economic development and maintaining social stability.The state has always attached great importance to the homestead.Especially since the rural revitalization strategy,the state has vigorously strengthened the rural economy and the construction of ecological civilization,and strived to protect farmers’ demand for land for homestead,trying to improve farmers’ living standards and quality of life.However,with the development of urbanization in the direction of rapid,high-quality and efficient development.,high-quality and efficient development,a large number of agricultural population choose to transfer to cities and towns,rural land use is constantly transforming,a large number of rural homesteads are idle,and agricultural land is abandoned to varying degrees.As the most important component of rural land,homestead and agricultural land have strong correlation and coupling in their utilization transformation.In terms of promoting farmers’ income and promoting population transfer to cities and towns,homestead reform and contracted land reform are consistent in goals.It is necessary to study the linkage between the two.Therefore,this paper combines homestead and farmland to explore the influencing factors and effects of farmers’ homestead exit under different farmland disposal methods,in order to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the reform of rural homestead system and help rural revitalization.Through the sample survey of farmers in Lanxi County,Heilongjiang Province,the logit regression model is used to study the influencing factors of farmers’ willingness to withdraw from the right to use homestead and the willingness to withdraw from the qualification right in different ways of farmland disposal.Firstly,starting from the situation of farmers’ farmland transfer,according to the dimension of whether farmers’ farmland is all transferred out,the farmland disposal methods are divided into family management(not transferred)and farmland transfer(farmland transfer out),and the willingness of farmers to withdraw from homestead under different farmland disposal methods is analyzed.On the basis of family management,from the different perspectives of farmers’ farmland management methods,the farmland disposal methods are divided into independent management and land trusteeship,and the willingness of different farmland disposal methods to exit the homestead is further analyzed.The main results are as follows :(1)From the perspective of farmers’ farmland transfer,the influence of different farmland disposal methods on the willingness to withdraw from the right to use homestead and the willingness to withdraw from the qualification right.Different farmland disposal methods have no significant effect on the willingness of farmers to withdraw from the use right of homestead,while age,education level,cognition of homestead property function and cognition of psychological dependence function have significant effects on it.Different farmland disposal methods have a significant effect on farmers’ willingness to withdraw from homestead qualification rights,that is,compared with family-run farmers,land transfer farmers have a higher willingness to withdraw from homestead qualification rights.In addition,homestead function cognition plays an important role,namely,residential function cognition,property function cognition and psychological dependence function cognition.(2)From the perspective of farmers’ farmland management mode,the influence of different farmland disposal methods on the willingness to withdraw from the right to use homestead and the willingness to withdraw from the qualification right.Different land disposal methods significantly affect farmers ’ willingness to withdraw from the right to use the homestead and the willingness to withdraw from the qualification right.With the reduction of farmers ’ participation in agricultural land management activities,farmers’ willingness to withdraw from the right to use the homestead and the willingness to withdraw from the qualification right increase,that is,the willingness of land trusteeship farmers to withdraw from the homestead is higher than that of self-employed farmers.In addition,farmers’ cognition of property function and psychological dependence function of homestead has a significant impact on farmers’ willingness to withdraw from the right to use homestead;the number of elderly people,housing area,farmers ’ cognition of homestead property function and psychological dependence function have a significant impact on farmers ’willingness to withdraw from homestead qualification.Based on the above empirical research results,the following policy implications are proposed : First,we must establish and improve the farmland transfer market.From the perspective of farmers,we should give full play to the ’ intermediary role ’ of village collectives in the process of farmers ’ farmland transfer,improve relevant laws and regulations on farmland transfer,and provide farmers with high-quality farmland transfer environment.Secondly,we should promote rural land trusteeship,strengthen the top-level design of land trusteeship system,build land trusteeship system in multi-party cooperation,and protect the rights of farmers.Thirdly,we should deepen the reform of the homestead exit system,build a differentiated exit mechanism,establish a diversified exit compensation method,and build a linkage mechanism between farmland disposal and homestead exit,so as to provide farmers with different farmland disposal methods with diversified land withdrawal methods and land withdrawal compensation options to improve their willingness to withdraw;fourth,it is necessary to improve the rural social security system,provide basic security support for the farmers who withdraw from the land,and improve the long-term guarantee mechanism for the withdrawal of the homestead.It is not only necessary to solve the current life of the farmers who withdraw from the land,but also to consider the future livelihood of the farmers who withdraw from the land,reduce the risk of returning to the land,and relieve their worries after withdrawing from the homestead.