A Study On The Factors Influencing The Withdrawal Of Civilized Farmers’ Homestead

The current rural homestead use system in China was formed in the period of the people’s commune.This kind of homestead use system,which is collectively owned and owned by farmers with the right to use the homestead,has laid the foundation for the stability and sustainable development of rural areas and guaranteed the basic rights and interests of rural residents.However,with the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization,a large number of farmers have migrated from rural areas to urban areas to engage in non agricultural industries.Their income structure and employment characteristics have become increasingly prominent,resulting in the emergence of citizen oriented farmers.The residential security function of rural homesteads is constantly weakening,coupled with the relatively lagging management of rural homesteads,resulting in a large number of idle homesteads in rural areas.The phenomenon of "leaving the land to enter the city" and "hollowing out settlements" is becoming increasingly common.At the same time,with the comprehensive promotion of the rural revitalization strategy,the demand for land for economic development is increasing,and the contradiction between supply and demand for urban construction land is becoming increasingly severe.This type of urban-rural construction land presents two extreme contradictions,which has attracted high attention from governments at all levels.To solve the contradiction between supply and demand of urban and rural construction land and ensure the smooth implementation of rural revitalization strategy,it is necessary to revitalize the idle rural homestead resources.Promoting the voluntary and paid withdrawal of rural residential land by citizen oriented farmers is an effective way to revitalize idle rural residential land.However,in practice,the willingness of citizen oriented farmers to withdraw from residential land is not high.It is objectively necessary to explore the main factors that affect the withdrawal of citizen oriented farmers from residential land from both theoretical and practical perspectives,and propose measures and suggestions to promote the orderly withdrawal of citizen oriented farmers from residential land.This article takes the three pilot areas of residential land system reform in Dazu,Yongchuan,and Liangping of Chongqing as research areas,using research methods such as literature research,field survey,and statistical analysis,based on property rights theory,land value theory,rational behavior theory,push pull theory,and land intensive use theory.Firstly,theoretical analysis is conducted on the influencing factors of the withdrawal of citizenized farmers from their homestead to explore the mechanism of their influencing factors;Secondly,investigate the influencing factors of the withdrawal of residential land from citizenized farmers in the study area and conduct descriptive statistical analysis of the sample data;Finally,by establishing a binary logistic regression model,the main factors that affect the withdrawal of citizenized farmers from their homestead are revealed,and based on this,measures and suggestions to promote the orderly withdrawal of citizenized farmers from their homestead are proposed.The research content and main research conclusions involved in this article are as follows:(1)Construct the theoretical basis for this study.Firstly,define the three important concepts involved in this article,including citizenization of farmers,rural homestead,and rural homestead withdrawal;Secondly,it deeply explains the theoretical basis of this study,including property rights theory,land value theory,rational behavior theory,push pull theory,and land intensive use theory.(2)Theoretical analysis is conducted on the withdrawal of household homestead and its influencing factors.First of all,further explain the practical significance of the withdrawal of residential land for citizenized farmers: first,accelerate the process of promoting new urbanization,second,assist in the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,third,lay the foundation for the transition from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture,fourth,revitalize rural idle land resources,and alleviate the pressure of new construction land encroaching on cultivated land;Secondly,the paper analyzes the reasons for the withdrawal of rural household homestead,mainly reflected in the economic,social,and policy factors;Finally,the paper classifies various factors that affect the withdrawal of residential land from citizenized farmers into four categories,mainly including basic characteristics of farmers,social factors,economic factors,and policy factors,and clarifies their mechanisms.(3)Investigate and analyze the factors that affect the withdrawal of residential land from citizenized farmers.Firstly,the survey plan is designed to provide an overview of the selection of survey areas,survey purposes,sample selection,and the main content of the survey;Secondly,descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the survey sample data.(4)Conduct empirical analysis on the factors that affect the withdrawal of residential land for urbanized farmers.Through empirical research,it is found that there are 7 main factors that affect the withdrawal of citizenized farmers from their homesteads,namely their education level,number of elderly care providers,urban integration,job stability,participation in insurance,non agricultural income of citizenized farmers’ families,and their understanding of policies for homestead withdrawal.(5)Measures and suggestions for promoting orderly withdrawal of citizenized farmers from their homestead.Based on the conclusions drawn from the investigation,analysis,and empirical results of this article,corresponding suggestions are proposed to promote the withdrawal of citizenized rural households from their homesteads:attach importance to rural education investment,and enhance the cultural literacy of citizenized rural households;Strengthen vocational skill training for citizenized farmers to improve the stability of urban work;Improve the urban public service system and enhance the integration of citizenized farmers into the city;Continuously improve the social security system and improve the social welfare level of farmers who have returned to land;Actively explore and improve old-age security measures for farmers who have retired to civilian areas;Increase publicity on policies related to the reform of the homestead system,and gradually change the traditional concepts of farmers.By implementing corresponding measures,it can effectively promote the orderly withdrawal of citizenized farmers from their homestead,help alleviate the shortage of urban construction land,further activate idle rural homestead,and promote the implementation of rural revitalization strategy and the rapid development of urbanization process.