Current Situation Of Apple Production In Luochuan Under The Background Of Rural Revitalization And Transformation And Upgrading Research

Luochuan is located in the apple producing area on the Loess Plateau.By virtue of its favorable geographical environment,Luochuan develops the apple industry and drives the rural revitalization and economic development of Luochuan.Apple planting in Luochuan has a history of 75 years since 1947.Through continuous practice and improvement of production technology,a mature technology and industrial chain has been formed,which has improved farmers’ income and living standards and become a local pillar industry.However,as time goes by,the accumulated problems in the cultivation process become more and more prominent.At the same time,it is faced with new problems brought by global climate change and market change.Therefore,it is necessary to combine the actual situation of Luochuan,develop its strengths and avoid its weaknesses,transform and upgrade the industrial problems,constantly strengthen its core competitiveness,and promote the high-quality modern development of Luochuan apples.This paper,through literature review and industry field investigation methods,understands the current situation of Luochuan apple production,carries out SWOT analysis of Luochuan apple production development,evaluates the internal resources and external environment of Luochuan apple production by integrating various factors,and puts forward the development direction and suggestions of Luochuan apple transformation and upgrading.The main results are as follows:1.In terms of farmer groups,apple farmers in Luochuan are mainly middle-aged people aged 43 or above,whose educational level is mostly primary and secondary school education.Most of the family members involved in orchard management are 2,accounting for half of the total family members.2.In terms of apple production,fruit growers manage orchards within 10 mu based on the family.About 50% of fruit trees are more than 26 years old and enter the aging stage,and the area of hanging fruit orchard is over 80%.After one or two thinning,it becomes 4×6meters or 6×8 meters,and the density of dwarfing cultivation is 1-1.2×3.5-4 meters.3.In terms of production cost,the average total production input per mu of orchard is about 3570 yuan,and the ratio of material cost to labor cost is about 2:1,in which the fertilizer expenditure accounts for 60% of the total material cost,and the bagging labor expenditure accounts for 50% of the total labor cost.4.In terms of apple yield and income,the average apple yield per mu of orchard is about 2000 kg,and the net income per mu in disaster-free years is about 9000 yuan.Affected by natural disasters such as frost damage and hail,the net income per mu in disaster-free years is less than 3000 yuan,and natural disasters have a greater impact on the income of fruit farmers.5.By comparing the production conditions of Luoyang Village,Guju Village,A Si Village and Lubai Village,it can be concluded that compared with other three villages in the transition stage from tradition to modern,Luoyang village,which mainly produces traditional apples,has a higher area of aging orchard,almost all of which are Qiao Hua fruit trees.The total production cost of orchard is about 1.5 times that of other villages,but the apple yield is not much different from other villages.The average net income per mu in normal years is not much different from that in other villages,indicating that the traditional cultivation mode of thinning and cultivation has higher production cost and difficulty in increasing the income of fruit farmers.6.The transformation and upgrading of Luochuan Apple industry is suggested to carry out work from seven aspects.First,improve the professional level of employees and expand the grass-roots technical service team;Second,promote the large-scale development of apple production,and make reasonable planning of production area;Three is to lose weight and reduce drugs,increase the application of organic fertilizer,the production of green high-quality apple;Fourth,improve the mechanization level of orchard production,promote the orchard light and simplified management;Fifth,the diversification of apple cultivars,to meet the diversified market demand,reduce seasonal labor pressure;Sixth,the use of digital orchard efficient management and fruit sales;Seventh,we will promote the integrated development of industries and comprehensively improve comprehensive benefits.