The Impacts Of Rural Collective Land Joint-Stock Cooperative System Reform On Farmers’ Income

The Rural Collective Land Joint-stock Cooperative System(RCLJCS)is an important part of the reform of rural collective property rights system in China.It is a new exploration to improve the rural land system.It plays a key role in clarifying the relationship between rural collective land,strengthening the rural collective economy and increasing the income of farmers.The RCLJCS is helpful to promote the scale of collective economy,give full play to the advantages of agricultural industrialization,promote the coordinated development of collective economy and individual economy,and empower farmers to increase their income.As one of the pilot provinces for the reform of the national rural collective property rights system,Shaanxi Province clearly put forward the implementation plan for the landing of rural collective land shares in 2017,promoted the reform and development of the RCLJCS,clarified the ownership of collective land ownership,granted farmers the right to dividend income from collective assets,and opened up channels for farmers to increase their income.However,in the practice of RCLJCS reform,the collective land shareholding system is not perfect,the effect of collective land shareholding needs to be improved,the stability of farmers’ land shareholding income needs to be strengthened,and the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in the reform of RCLJCS is generally not high.Therefore,under the background of rural revitalization,it is of urgency and practical value to explore the internal theoretical logic and practical experience of the reform of RCLJCS on farmers’ income,and to study the impact of the reform of RCLJCS on farmers’ income.Based on the perspective of exploring the effect of rural collective land joint-stock cooperative system reform,this paper explores the impact of reform on farmers’ income.Combing the research background and literature review,grasp the latest research trends of RCLJCS,analyze the development status and reform effect of RCLJCS,and theoretically clarify the direct and indirect effects of RCLJCS on income.Taking Meixian County of Shaanxi Province as an example,using the field survey data in 2016,2017,2018 and 2020,the PSM-DID model is used to analyze the impact of the reform of RCLJCS on farmers’ income.Based on the heterogeneity of farmers’ production efficiency,the differences in the impact of RCLJCS reform on farmers’ income with different production efficiency are compared.The mediating effect model is used to explore the realization path and mechanism of income increase effect,and to verify the mediating role of stock incentive effect,industry driving effect and labor transfer effect.Put forward relevant policy recommendations in order to promote the steady progress of the RCLJCS,develop and strengthen the collective economy,steadily increase the income of farmers,and then promote rural revitalization.Results:(1)The reform of RCLJCS has achieved initial results in practice,and the effect of increasing income has been reflected.In the RCLJCS the collective land management mode is mainly based on internal and external rent,the land use efficiency is effectively improved,the scale management effect is remarkable,and the proportion of its share dividend villages has increased,and the income effect is initially reflected.(2)The reform of RCLJCS has a significant positive impact on the total household income of the whole sample.The impact on the operating income and wage income of different farmers is different,but the superposition effect on the total household income is significantly positive,which can effectively increase the total household income of 17,290,000 yuan.It is confirmed that the improvement of the reform of the RCLJCS can effectively promote the increase of farmers’ income.(3)The analysis of the mechanism of action shows that the reform of RCLJCS has the effect of stock incentive,industry driving effect and labor transfer effect,forming a stable transmission mechanism for the increase of farmers’ income.Share incentive can drive farmers’ independent enthusiasm for collective management decision-making supervision,which is conducive to the expansion of collective economy and provides farmers with income increasing channels.With the advantages of industrial chain,brand and technology,farmers can improve production efficiency and excess returns of agricultural production,and significantly increase operating income.The role of labor transfer has prompted some surplus labor to choose to enter non-agricultural production and increase wage income.(4)The RCLJCS has different demonstration and guidance effects on the income level of farmers with different production efficiency.The increase in operating income of high-efficiency farmers is more obvious,and the increase in wage income of low-efficiency farmers is more significant.