The Study Of Children's Hypertension And Risk Factors In Coastal Area

[Objective] : To investigate the level of blood pressure and the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in children in coastal area . To analysis relationship between heredity ,obesity and living habits and hypertension in children in order to lay scientific basis for prevention and control of hypertension in children .[Method]: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in two schools from Xiangshui and Binhai county . All the students aged 6 to 13 were served as the subjects . Questionaire and medical examination for their parents were conducted too . The questionnaires which were self-made to the children and their parents , were different . The former involved basic conditions , diet habits and character etc. The latter involved basic conditions ,history of cardio cerebral vascular disease and family history , diet habits , smoking and drinking hobby . The medical examination involved height , weight and blood pressure survey .All the surveys were standardized . The diagnose standard of children' s hypertension was from the 2nd USA Children' s Hypertension Control Group, and The diagnose standard of hypertension for adults was from the Chinese Hypertension Prevention and Control Guide .The prevalence rate was standardized by population of 1990 census . analysis of the data was conducted by using software SPSS11.0 . T test , x~2 test , single and multiple non-conditional logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between risk factors and hypertension in children. [Result]: SBP and DBP of the 1952 children aged 6 to 13 at coastal areas were 96. 63±9. 95 mmHg and 60. 25±9. 27 mmHg , respectively , and the levels of SBP and DBP in the female were higher than that in the male children . Both SBP and DBP were increasing with age and BMI .There were 127 children with hypertension to be found in those subjects .The prevalence rate of hypertension in children was 6.51% and standardized prevalence was 6.25% , and prevalence was 6.96% for the male children , 6.04% for the female . There were no significant differences in prevalence among all age groups (x~2 =0. 69,p>0. 05); prevalence rates of hypertension in overweight group and the obesity group were significantly higher than that in normal group . The risks of getting hypertension in overweight and the obesity children were 2.87 and 5.86 times that in the normal children . The prevalence rate in the children whose parents have hypertension history was higher than that in children whose parents have not hypertension history , and the effect of mother' s hypertension history on children's hypertension was greater than that of the father' s.Single non-conditional logistic regression analysis suggested that lower family income , hypertension history , obesity , low birth weight ,more salt intake , drinking juice ,fat intake , and passive smoking were risk factors of hypertension in children , and normal birth ,milk intake , bean intake ,fish intake , fruits intake and outdoor exercises were protective factors .Multiple non-conditional logistic regression equation showed that hypertension family history , obesity , lower birth weight , more salt intake , juice drinking were risk factors ,and fruits , bean products , milk intake and outdoor exercises were protective factors .[Conclusion]: Prevalence rate of hypertension in children was 6.51% in coastal areas, and family history of hypertension .obesity , bad living habits were risk factors of hypertension in children . The study suggested that we should attach importance to hypertension prevention and control in children , and do works in family and school , changing bad living habits and set up systems of primary prevention in children .