Scheme Study On Ecological Efficiency Allowance Of Nature Reserves

Ecological compensation is an important measure to manage the conflict of conservation and utilization between nature reserve and adjacent community. This dissertation starts from analysis of the reason of "poor conservation", continues to bring out the thought of using ecological benefits allowance, which functions as ecological compensation, to control disturbances of adjacent community to nature reserve, therefore improve its management and administration. Based on this thought, this dissertation uses ecology and economics methods to analyze four aspects of ecological compensation: compensation object, compensation subject, compensation amount, compensation manner, and brings forward a quantitative and case-supported ecological benefits allowance plan.The dissertation includes the following contents:Firstly, based on literature review, the dissertation uses Externality theory to analyze existing problem of nature reserve, points out nature reserve's positive externalities couldn't be embodied on ecological compensation because of China's administration system, benefit scope of externality, difficulty to quantify its value through infra-marginal analysis etc.; and the major reason why there exists a number of "poor conservation" in China is adjacent communities' disturbance. Secondly, based on the above understanding, the dissertation puts forward a new concept:"virtual land", applies in a creative way the ecological footprint calculation method from Environmental Economics to research of relationship between human beings and land in nature reserve, brings forward "ecological benefit allowance" plan which uses virtual land calculation as core, solves in a reasonable way the technical difficulty in ecological compensation-quantification of ecological benefit allowance. Thirdly, the dissertation uses theory of Public Goods coming from Welfare Economics, stakeholder analysis, Game Theory and Production Function Theory to analyze financial resources and application methods of ecological benefit allowance. Lastly, the dissertation chooses FuJian WuYiShan Nature Reserve as case study for "ecological benefit allowance" plan, deep quantitative research is carried out to testify and detail theoretical research results.Below are the dissertation's research results on the four key aspects of ecological benefit allowance plan:(1) The only reasonable and feasible way to control disturbances from adjacent communities is to offer them ecological benefit compensation and therefore increase their unit land economic outcome.(2) Use Production Function Theory to analyze relationship between human beings and land in nature reserve, points out most communities'economic outcome is a monotone increasing function of its production land area; Based on this understanding and an improvement of the ecological footprint calculation method from Environmental Economics, put forward the concept of "virtual land"-adjacent community has a certain production and life style, to reach current per capita income and life quality need certain amount of land; The minimum ecological benefit allowance is actually the allowance to adjacent community's residents for surpassing its environment carrying capacity-offer nature reserve and adjacent community ecological benefit allowance and reach a certain amount level, make their "virtual land " occupation fulfill requirement of nature reserve's land application plan, and realize upgrade of industrial structure based on the allowance, therefore increase resident's income without expanding of "virtual land" occupation; Improve ecological footprint calculation method-enable it to transform from calculation of land scale to statistics of population economic data under nature reserve adjacent community's situation in China, and ascertain amount of ecological benefit allowance from over loading population calculated from improved ecological footprint. Based on the above three technical innovation, we can get minimum standard of ecological benefit allowance by calculating virtual land occupation scale: Ec=ΔN×yi=[Σ(γij×VLi)/Σ(γi×Li)-1]xNxyi(3) All stakeholders should take part in ecological benefit allowance to nature reserve adjacent community through finance channel, market channel and social channel, but investment from the upper government (central and province level government) should be the major financial resource; Talking about application of the allowance, only by increasing unit land outcome in adjacent communities through upgrade of industrial structure, the original intention of ecological benefit allowance could be realized. (4) Through investigation collect FuJian WuYiShan Nature Reserve's economic social development situation data, land application data, local resident production and life cost data etc., using "virtual land" calculation method get its minimum ecological benefit allowance is￥1,251,600, summarize upgrade route of its industrial structure, and suggest the optimized use of the allowance.The dissertation shows the following two innovations:1) From application layer, bring forward "ecological benefit allowance" plan, which can authentically control disturbances from adjacent communities, and is both reasonable and feasible under current administration system and financial situation. The dissertation also provide corresponding nature reserve industrial structure upgrade route, which could also be link up to current national policy (Regionalization of Major Development Function, Forest Property Reform etc.)2) From theoretical layer, provide innovative thought and quantitative basis for overcoming the difficulty during implementation of ecological benefit allowance plan-to set down the minimum standard:provide ecological benefit allowance based on Negative Externalities need to control adjacent communities, use "virtual land" calculation method to quantify compensation standard.