A Study On The Relationship Between The Communist Party Of China And Non - Governmental Organizations

Collective actions exist in any society, and because of its existence, there are cooperative demands and organizations, so the emergence of civil organizations is inevitable. Especially since the 1980 s, a global “associational revolution” came out as the development of marketization, democratization and globalization in the world. For the social phenomenon occurred in the late 20 th century, American professor Johns Hopkins thought it has greater significance than the rise of national state to the late 19 th century. The development of western civil organization is a product under the mutual effect of both modern welfare state’s crisis and global environmental crisis. Taking an overview of China, as the start up of reform and opening up as well as the speed up of social transformation, the rapid development of civil organizations in China has become a social phenomenon that draws much attention from the public. Civil organizations are growing and developing to prosperity after went through so many difficulties. It is very obvious that as the speed up of social transformation, the development scale and quality of China’s civil organizations will change. And as the only governing party, the Communist Party of China(CPC) must scientifically guide and lead the orderly development of non-governmental organizations based on its law of development and there is no other way out. Based on the above considerations, the connotation features and value function of non-governmental organizations shall be taken as starting points of the study. From general to special research ideas, the author focused on the discussion of the relation between CPC and civil organization based on the understanding about the relation between political party and civil organization and proposed several suggestions accordingly.This paper consists of introduction and the main body.In the introduction, it analyzed the basis and significance of the topic selection and reviewed the previous research results at home and abroad, proposed the research achievements and deficiency and proposed the basic idea, research focuses of the paper and pointed out its research methods and innovations.In the main body of the paper, the author discussed connotation and components of the relation between the political party and civil organizations, the correlation between the political party and civil organizations as well as their interaction mode from the macro-perspective. Then, it respectively studied the relations between CPC and civil organizations in the revolutionary times, planned economy period and the period of social transformation, from which the author obtained a historical recognition. Lastly, it proposed the general idea and suggestions for promoting the development of relation between the political party and civil organizations. The main body of the paper consists of six chapters and the basic ideas are as follows:In the first chapter, it narrated the general principles of civil organizations, with the issue orientation, it discussed the study of relation between the political party and civil organizations shall be analyzed based on the situation of civil organizations. What is civil organization? What basic features does it have? How to define the concepts of civil organization, social organization and non-governmental organizations? Why civil organizations generate? What are values and functions of civil organizations? What are the rules for the generation and development of civil organizations? All these problems shall be discussed in this paper.In the second chapter, it discussed the generation of relation between political party and civil organizations, and its interaction mode. From the perspective of its origin, the initial source, it can be found that the political party has basic features of civil organizations. As the political party gradually is intervened national and society relations and become the main support of democratic politics, the values and importance of the political party, especially the relation between the governing party and civil organizations gradually become prominent. In the diversified and heterogeneous social ecology, the governing party and civil organizations undertake different or similar functions and values based on their own logic for survive and rules for operation as two social organizations that have similarities and conflicts.As a result, a complicated social interaction model is formed.In the third chapter, it emphasized on the analysis of relation between CPC and civil organizations during the revolutionary period. CPC is a proletarian party developed on the soil of China and is the product of China’s social ecology, so it is impossible to keep it from the influences of traditional political culture that already penetrated into the social structure, thus, it has affected the social cognition, judgment of the party and the handling of party-society relation. In revolutionary times, the party held a basic attitude of “survival is success” towards civil organizations because of the pressure from revolution and war, and the natural punishment mechanism, the party spared no effort to get the civil organizations to join the revolution. The relation between the party and civil organization at this period is known as mutualism. So, the leadership of the party on civil organizations relies on its non-power influences. We can come into the conclusion on two aspects after reviewing the relation between the party and civil organizations, on one hand, CPC did everything they can to solve problems of civil organizations and have accumulated rich experiences. On the other hand, the party didn’t have a correct understanding of the philosophy, policies and systems of civil organizations, some problems remain open to question, such as the limited utilization of powers and rights, the biased embodiment of the value of these civil organizations and the non-rational tendency of the masses’ behaviors etc.In the forth chapter, it analyzed the relation between the party and civil organization during the period of planned economy. In the singular benefits pattern created by the planned economic system, the social development is in a very awkward situation. After the founding of new China, CPC started the reconstruction of basic power in cities and villages. The re-definition of the old social powers, especially civil organizations almost was in synchrony with the construction of political power. As for the actions, it is known as the clean-up and rectification of existing social organizations based on the principle of socialism. Through this kind of social reconstruction and political reform, an affiliation relation formed between the political party and civil organizations. Rethinking the relation between the party and civil organizations at this period, “the totality society” is an important analytical insight. In confirming its historical reasonability, we shall not neglect the ideas, political values and system mechanism that are formed during the planned economy period, which has had huge effect on the party in managing relations with civil organizations after the reform and opening up.In the fifth chapter, it analyzed the relation between the party and civil organizations in transformation period of society, this historical stage had stricter requirements for the governance and self construction of the party. The logic of social transformation is an issue of coordination and balance between political authorities and social order and vigor. The party had suffered many difficulties in social integration during the period of social transformation. During this period, civil organizations have achieved constant development, but its “dual nature” has restricted the effective development of civil organizations, which led to an extremely low level of dependency and utilization of the governing party and governments on civil organizations. Therefore, although CPC has paid increasingly attention to civil organizations, its relation didn’t formed completely. In the long term, it turns to be a leadership---cooperation mode.In the sixth chapter, it proposed the general thought and countermeasures for maintaining a more harmonious relation between the party and civil organizations. From management to governance, the diversification of governing subjects is the most significance difference. When the civil organization under the control of the party becomes the most important subjects for social governance, it will have a big impact to the political order and social structure. This transformation has to be fulfilled under the mutual effort of the governing party, governments and civil organizations. Some basic principles have to be abided by in the development of China’s civil organizations. Civil organizations in China have to insist on the leadership of the party through the whole process of its development, so some principles of the governing party shall be followed. The governing party is a special social power, so the right balance principles must be abided by. As the relation between the political party and civil organizations are coordinated by laws, so the rule of law principle shall be followed. Besides, as the western governing party has long term relationship with civil organizations, so mutual learning and communication shall be remained. Lastly, the author of the paper proposed several countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the relation development between the governing party and civil organizations. The political party has its organizational superiority on the aspect of symbolic resource and power system. The civil organizations have survival basis for social demands and flexible service advantages, so how to transform the two strengths into the motivation for promoting the healthy development of the society is an important issue for the governing party. Therefore, the governing party shall insist on the policy of guidance and cultivation, so as to effective integrates civil organizations. Besides, civil organizations also have to strengthen their self-improvement in adapting to the social development.