Research On Achievement - Oriented PE Curriculum Design

Through theoretical analysis and experimental research, and combing qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, achievement-based PE curriculum design is carefully analyzed in the present thesis which shifts the emphasis of PE course from the students’ master of knowledge to the students’ abilities achieved. Achievements in PE involve fitness, sports performance, basic skills, and social communication etc..There are two kinds of popular curriculum designs: "up-bottom" and "bottom-up". American traditional PE curriculum design belongs to "bottom-up", in which the education administration department invites some experts, teachers in different grades to discuss on the curriculum goals for different stages and then summaries the general goal for PE curriculum. This modal assumes that all the students can master the goals of certain stages and move naturally to nest stage. The main problem of this modal is that it neglects the students’ individual differences.Achievement-based physical education curriculum proposed the "up-to-bottom" method in physical education curriculum design the curriculum goals. Among them, the "up" refers to the overall goal of the study section; "the bottom" refers to the specific teaching objectives of the classroom. That is to say, the "up" is not limited to the unit, the term or the school year target, but refers to the total goal of the study section, from the entire study section to the overall planning of physical education curriculum objectives. In the "up-to-bottom" PE curriculum goal design, first of all, use the Delphi method and choose 2-3 achievement goals, as a program learn goal. Among them, the achievement target range including fitness, social adaptation ion or sports. So, the course of project plan ensure that students can be "fine" in 1or 2 sports. From up to bottom, the achievement goals are segmented longitudinally into smaller ones, so that the consistence between different grades can be obtained. And extract the same goals in different activities so as to avoid repetition. Measure the goals attitudinally by questionnaire and guarantee the priority of the development of the goals in different grades. Calculating the classes required for each grade is also required. Between curriculum planning and applying, assess the students’ previous abilities and decide the starting point of the class, teach the students in accordance with his own abilities.The optimization of physical education curriculum plan is a design process of PDCA cycle. It includes four steps:plan evaluation plan, data collection, the implementation of the original program, and the effect of the implementation of the program. Through these four steps, the teacher can obtain feedback information and find out the defects of the curriculum plan.Based on the theoretical analysis, an experiment is done on the junior middle school grade two students. The result shows effectiveness of the model in improving the students’ interest, physical fitness and body consciousness and cooperation. The experiment to some extent proves the feasibility of the curriculum model, which yeans for further research and justification in a wider range.Presently, the most popular model in PE curriculum design is "up-to-bottom". For the fact that PE course involves many sports fields, problems in curriculum objective-designing will cause the contents of the classes are sometimes repeated, the sensitive abilities in certain period can’t be developed preferentially, and "one size fits all" in the implement of the curriculum. This paper hopes to provide theoretical reference and action for our sports teachers’ teaching practice in our country.