Research Of Intensive Land Use In Henan Province

As a great realistic issue in the growth of China’s economic society, intensive land use is an importantpart for the fundamental change to the growth pattern of economy, also playing a significant role inecological civilization construction. With the quick economic development and growing population, thescarcity of land resource becomes noticeable and the incremental supply of land is under increasinglimitations. Under the double pressures of economic development and food security, due to the vastpopulation and the limited farmland in China, the task of intensive land use is much tougher, especially inHenan province where the establishment of Central China Economic District is undertaken andconsequently carrying out research in the field of intensive land use becomes much more urgent. Spatialscale, for geography research, is divided into global scale, land and marine scale, regional scale, local scaleas well as part scale. Currently, most researches about intensive land use are directed towards urbanconstruction land, county construction land, rural residential area and farmland respectively while there isfew comprehensive research about the regional overall scale of intensive land use at home and abroad.The spatial scale in this dissertation refers to regional scale of province-level administrative region.Comprehensive research about intensive land use in urban area,county area, rural residential area andfarmland of local scale in provincially administered cities in Henna province is conducted. Meanwhile,three county-level administrative regions of part scale have been chosen to explore the space-timedistribution and variation pattern as well as influencing factors of different types of intensive land use suchas construction land and farmland of different spatial scale and to study the relations between economicdevelopment level, ecological service value and intensive land use, which offers theoretical and practicalvalue to economical and intensive land construction in Central China Economic District.This dissertation introduces the background of the topic selection, research content,researchmethodology, research idea, research framework and the source of data, elaborates related concept andconnotation of intensive land use, demonstrates research result of intensive land use at home and abroad,commentates research trends as well as conclude the policies and laws about intensive land use before andafter the Reform and Opening-up of China. Influenced by many factors, intensive land use is a multi-layer and multi-target system. Starting fromthe relation between people and land as well as ecological benefits of land use, in this dissertation, indexsystem of intensive land use in urban area,county area, rural residential area and farmland of provinciallyadministered cities in Henna province basing on “Pressure-State-Response”(PSR) model is established.With the application of fuzzy matter-element model based on entropy weigh, quantitative and qualitative aswell as space-time scale analysis of PSR system and intensive land use coordination degree of urban area,county area, rural residential area and farmland is carried out. PSR system of coordination degree ofLinzhou, Huaiyang,Nanzhao and some other counties are chosen to be analyzed; with practical case instudy, the current situation, space-time distribution and variation pattern as well as influencing factors ofintensive use of urban area, county area, rural residential area and farmland in provincially administeredcities in Henan province are evaluated and studied.The potential value of intensive use of urban area,countyarea, rural residential area and farmland in Henan province has been calculated. Which provides practicalvalue to economic and social development as well as the construction of ecological civilization in Henanprovince. Research indicates that, the time distribution patterns of the intensive use of urban area,countyarea, rural residential area and farmland are almost the same,which are intensive while there aredifferences in spatial distribution pattern: as for urban area, middle and western district of Henan is higherthan eastern district and northern district of Henan is higher than southern district. The intensive land use inShangqiu, Xinyang, Zhumadian and Zhoukou which are around Yellow River and Huai River iscomparatively low. The distribution pattern of county area is that the intensive degree of north of34degrees north latitude is higher than the south. As for farmland, eastern and northern districts are higherthan eastern and southern districts respectively, and the east part of western district is higher than the westpart while the four cities around Yellow River and Huai River are comparatively low. As for farmland,eastern,middle and northern district of Henan is higher than western and southern district of Henan.Research indicates that the spatial distribution pattern of ecological service value in Henan provincegradually increases towards from east to west and rises from south to north. Research demonstrates thespace-time distribution and variation patterns of intensive land use in Henan Province, which are inaccordance with the reality of economic and social development in Henan province and with features ofgeographical distribution in Henan province. In the dissertation, ecology, land economics, statistics, ecological economics and earth science theoryare used to build the relations and interactive simulation among intensive land use, population, ecologicalenvironment and economic development. A trial study has been carried out about the relations betweenintensive land use and its influencing factors in different stage of economic development as well as theeffects from the same influencing factor upon different types of land use. Meanwhile, the relations betweenland use intensive degree and coordination degree have been studied. The study found that the correlationof land use intensity and coordination degree is strong. The higher intensive land use level of a district is,the higher intensive land use coordination degree of the district will be. But that intensive land usecoordination degree of a district is good does not mean that intensive land use level of the district is high.Maintaining life-supporting system on earth and having created the ecological environment on whichpeople are dependable, ecological system enjoys huge direct and indirect economic value. Though thefunctions of ecosystem do not demonstrate any direct production and consumption value, they provide theenvironment where direct value of living resources is produced and come into being. It is because of theservice function of ecosystem that human’s ecological environment can be maintained and sustained.Intensive land use is an important element of land use which is a complicated ecological system. Accordingto current situation and research results, to certain extent, extensive land use and intensive land use havedamaged ecological environment; according to the finiteness and supply-demand relation of land resources,scholars and government have agreed on economical and intensive land use. In the dissertation, thechanging progress and correlation between population, economic development and ecological environmentunder intensive land use of different spatial scale and different types of land use have been analyzed bycases, which demonstrates the effect problems of ecological environment brought by intensive land use.Research result indicates that:(1)The spatial distribution pattern of intensive use of urban area and of its economic developmentlevel are almost the same. Basically, western district of Henan is higher than eastern district and northerndistrict of Henan is higher than southern district. Shangqiu, Xinyang, Zhoukou and Zhumadian aroundYellow River and Huai River are comparatively low.(2)The same influencing factor plays different role in different types of land use. Comparatively strongnegative correlation exist between land area and the intensive use of urban area, county area as well as rural residential area while weak correlation exists between intensive farmland use and land area. Positivecorrelation exists between population and intensive urban land use while strong negative correlation existsbetween intensive rural residential area land use and its population.(3) Negative correlation exists between ecological service value and intensive land use degree.Intensive land use can not only increase but also reduce ecological service value.In time scale, from2004to2010the level of intensive use of urban area, county area, rural residential area and farmland in Henanprovince keeps growing and the total trend of it is occasionally-transforming intensivism while the timechange of the service function value of ecosystem gradually decreases with a reduction of1.147billionRMB in7years.(4)Economic development level is positive correlated to intensive land use degree. Positive correlationexists between urban economic development level and intensive land use in provincially administered citiesin Henan province from2004to2010and that also exists between GDP and intensive land use inprovincially administered cities in Henan province from2004to2010, which indicate that economicgrowth can boost intensive land use. At the same time, research demonstrates that according to the theoryof diminishing returns of land, when economic development level reaches certain extent, that is,maximization of marginal benefits has been reached, influences upon intensive land use exerted byeconomic development level will decrease. The maximization of marginal benefits will be a direction forfurther research in the future.