Urban Housing Security And The Employment Of Housing Security Objects: Theoretical Analysis And Empirical Study Of Hangzhou

The main purpose of urban housing security is to improve the bad housing condition of citizen, and finally upgrading their housing affordability. The government and academics pay too much attention to the housing security alone, which leading to a consequence of ignoring the relationship between housing security and employment, and also the influence of housing security on the latter. Basically, improving the employment of low-income family is an underlying strategy to enhance their economic condition and slove their all kinds of life problems. Thus this paper overviews the studies on the employment of typical social vulnerable groups and urban security objects, and proposes a framework about the mechanism of the influence of housing security on employment, which principally researches the relationship between the two.Basing on the mechanism among the variables, we agree that housing security(including security mode and security type) influences the employment of security objects, housing welfare negatively affects employment when adding the difference of housing cost before and after housing security to the calculation, job-housing spatial relationship can affect employment both in two opposite ways where the positive one is dominant, housing welfare and job-housing spatial relationship are two mediators in the mechanism of housing security and employment.Empirical study shows that, the total employment and labor income rise obviously as compared with before, but it hasn?t shown any structural advantages, they still work in the low-income industries, self-employed business and informal jobs. The housing condition improves little, and also the total change of housing cost, which means housing security is nearly unactive to reduce the housing cost. Since the housing location moved outward and the job location staying nearly the same, commute distance becomes longer than before, and the average one-way commute time arises about 9 mins. Besides, the whole sample?s outcomes of Bootstap test shows that, firstly, housing security and employment are significantly correlated, the direct influence of security mode and security type are 0.166 and-0.158. Secondly, project-based mode can own more welfare than subsidy, while low-rent housing can own less welfare than the other two security types. Thirdly, there is a negative correlationship between housing welfare and employment(the coefficient is-0.027), which means the existence of welfare dependency. Fourthly, the job-housing spatial relationship of project-based mode is longer than subsidy, while low-rent housing?s job-housing spatial relationship is shorter than the other two security types. Fifthly, job-housing spatial relationship is positively correlated to employment(the coefficient is 0.364), which means the longer job-housing spatial relationship hasn?t worsen the employment directly, and the spatial mismatch problem is not so serious. Sixthly, housing welfare and job-housing spatial relationship are patrtial mediators, through which the indirect effections of security mode and security type are 0.135 and-0.03, mainly by job-housing spatial relationship. And also, there is no mediation in the employees.According to the findings shown above, I propose several policy advice on the qualification examination, access conditions, employment enhance, welfare standard and construction planning of housing security.