Study On Supply Evolution, Performance Measurement And Path Optimization Of Independent Innovation Policy

With the development of technology, technology innovation has played an increasing role in the social and economic development, and innovation policies have been regarded as important administrative measures in many countries. From the innovation practices of developed countries, innovation policies are the most effective and important tools and means to motivate innovation. The perfection degree of innovation policy becomes an important indicator to measure the innovation capability of a country or a region. The more perfect innovation policies are, the more contributions the policy and innovation system brings to innovation activities, the more power is to promote the innovation capability of a country or a region.In some sense, the evolution of innovation policy supply is a process of the government promoting innovation activities. It is the dynamic interaction between the innovation subjects’ policy demand and the government’s policy supply that makes the development of technology and innovation capability. The progress of technology in China can be interpreted by various factors, and the promotion of the government is an important factor which should not be overlooked. The government rapidly promotes the policy quality and performance of independent innovation, which makes important contributions to the improvement of the innovation capability. However, the current study on the interrelationships and interactions among supply, performance evaluation, quality, execution and performance of innovation policy is relatively weak. It can’t meet the actual demand of the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy and the construction of innovation country in China.The thesis takes "policy supply - performance measurement - the influence of policy quality and policy executive ability on policy performance - policy optimization" as technical route, discussing the evolution of independent innovation policy supply since reforming and opening by constructing the three-dimentional quantitative analytical framework. Taking the "4E" framework of OECD’s performance audit as key evaluation dimension for identifying the performance of independent innovation policy, using questionnaire to measure the implementing performance of independent innovation policy, and constructing the "Q-E-P" framework from the perspective of process of policy to expore the influence mechanism of quality and execution power on performance of independent innovation policy with the methods of correlation analysis and route analysis, the thesis puts forward policy suggestions on the comprehensive optimization of independent innovation policy based on the process of formulation, implementation, evaluation and termination. By research, the thesis draws the following conclusions:Firstly, the thesis has constructed and applied a three-dimensional analysis framework "T-O-P" to qualitative analyze the independent innovation policy. Based on the achements of policy qualitative analysis, combined with the basic elements of policy, the thesis has constructed three-dimensional analysis framework "T-O-P" for independent innovation policy qualitative analysis from three dimensions:tool, objects, and power of policy. It also has formulated specific quantitative analysis criteria. By qualitative analyzing 346 files about independent innovation policy in China China started to run its opening and reform policy, it finds that the quantity of the independent innovation policies shows an upward trend, the promulgating departments and organizations has high level synergistic effect on each other, but policies are lack of peremptory norms. The main policy tool of independent innovation policies is to improve independent innovation environment while the policy targets mainly focus on the ability of managing and supporting independent innovation. The evolution process of self-innovation policies mainly consists of reconstructing science and research system, building input mechanism to promote the commercialization of research findings and establishing innovation system, which actually can be considered as an epitome of the reform process of China building an innovative country.Secondly, the thesis has improved performance measurement perspective and methods of the independent innovation policy. The previous researches on performance measurement of the independent innovation policy mainly discussed the output of the innovation object by econometrics method, particularly focusing on economic output, and neglecting to the actual perception and experience effect of policy objects, and only a few use policy quantitative method. Thesis takes "4E"framework as the evaluation dimension for identifying the performance of independent innovation policy, designing innovation policy performance measurement questionnaire, and conducting empirical studies on 300 enterprises in the eastern, central and western regions in China. It takes 247 valid questionnaires returned as the data sources. Chinese independent innovation policy performance is above the intermediate-level. Using the difference quotient assigning weight method, it finds that the effectiveness gets the highest scores, the efficiency scores ranks the second and the equity and economy performances get relatively lower scores. The result of principal component analysis shows that the performance of independent innovation policies can be divided as direct and indirect performances, each of which has confirm contents, clear definitions and it is simple to divide the two types. Viewed as a whole, the direct performance is obviously higher than the indirect performance. The result of variance analysis indicates that independent innovation policies in different areas have significant variation; the total performance and indirect performance of policies applying to different types of enterprises also have significant variation.Thirdly, the thesis has constructed and testified the "Q-E-P" framework of independent innovation policy. The framework is used to analyze the effect of policies quality and execution power on the performances of independent innovation policy from the perspective of policy pocess. The thesis takes Policy-quality characteristics which is proposed by Scartascini C., Stein E.& Tommasi M. as key evaluation dimensions for identifying the quality of independent innovation policy, Taking Policy-quality characteristics by Scartascini C., Stein E.& Tommasi M. as key evaluation dimensions for independent innovation policy quality recognition and policy execution model by Edwards III as assessment content for independent innovation policy quality recognition, the author has designed a measurement questionnaire for execution and quality’s effects on policy performance, and the results of empirical investigation has tested and validated the "Q-E-P" model. The canonical correlation analysis shows an interdependence relationship between the innovation policy quality and policy performance variables. Route analysis shows that independent innovation policies do not only have directly and significantly influence on policies quality, but also have indirect effects on policies’performance through execution.Finally, the thesis has reconstructed the process of independent innovation policies. Basing on the present research findings, the thesis takes improvement of policies’quality, execution and performance as targets. It raises optimization policy suggestions which are constructing a facing-global opening innovation policy framework, constructing a coordinating mechanism of independent innovation policies, building a self-innovation policy evaluation system and improving the finalization mechanism of self-innovation policies from the perspective of overall optimizing the process of independent innovation policies hopes to give reference for promoting China’s construction of independent innovation system.