Research On Construction Land Intensive Use Under The Background Of New Urbanization

Since the beginning of the reform and opening-up policy, construction land demands keep elevating following the rapid advance of the urbanization and industrialization, in which intensify the Human-Land conflict, and further pose the serious threat to food security. Meanwhile, the traditional development mode by construction land expansion presents aimless, extensive pattern and irrational expansion which is difficult to continue at present. So it’s inevitable strategic selection to achieve sustainable development that to transform the way of construction land use and to take the path of construction land intensive use potentials tapping. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to practically upgrade the intensive degree of construction land use with taking the urbanization road with distinct Chinese, increasing construction land intensive use efficiency during the urbanization, imposing strict control over increment, activating stock, optimizing the structure and lifting efficiency. In the process of new urbanization, construction land intensive use has been receiving much attention of national level. Therefore, to study on relevant problems about construction land intensive use in the new urbanization context can not only diagnose the "health status" in regional construction land use, improve the level of construction land intensive use, alleviate the situation under the scarce resources of construction land, but also provide theoretical basis for the amendment and perfection of the relevant standards of construction land intensive use, and contribute to make the management and control policy about construction land use with differential fiber for governments at all levels, as well as set up a virtuous cycle mechanism between new urbanization and construction land intensive use.Wuhan agglomeration is strategic fulcrum in both Yangtze River economic belt and Middle rises, and also the pilot area and demonstrative region of the construction of the resource-conserving, environment-friendly society. This paper, taking Wuhan urban agglomeration as an example, used the principle of the relative price change of factor inputs to reveal the characteristics and the change law of construction land intensive use in each period of urbanization, and found out how construction land intensive use were affected by new urbanization. Through fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method, this research constructed the evaluation index system of construction land intensive use under new urbanization background, then evaluated the level of construction land intensive use of Wuhan agglomeration with the time scale of typical years included 2000,2009 and 2012, and the spatial scale of the different perspectives included the city territory and the county scale. Meanwhile, via Global Moran’s1 index and the graph of LISA agglomeration, the study probed into the spatial distribution features and regularity of the construction land intensive use level using the spatial autocorrelation analysis of GeoDa software. Next, In order to diagnose the"health status" in regional construction land use of Wuhan agglomeration, the paper diagnosed coupled coordination development level between construction land intensive use and new urbanization among the city territory and the county scale by coupled development model. Then, null model of hieratical linear model (HLM), random-effects regression models and Full Model were adopted in turn, for the horizontal differentiation of construction land intensive use among the county scale, the research made multi-scale measurement analysis about its influence factors, and made identification and measurement about its influence factors, the action directions and the influence degree of construction land intensive use respectively across two steps of the city territory and the county scale. Finally, the optimal degree of intensity about construction land use, which is a new concept, was developed to direct at construction land excessively intensive use in several area, in addition, with the equilibrium state of economic benefit, social benefit and ecology benefit under different urbanization levels of Wuhan urban agglomeration, this paper focused on estimation of the optimal degree of intensity by curve estimation model of SPSS software and multi-objective optimality of LINGO software. Research results show that:(1) The construction land use patterns and its dominant function change along with the urbanization development, as well as the relative price alteration of input factors which is the root cause to lead to the regular change of construction land intensive use in different stages of urbanization development. Due to the land resource scarcity, among all factor input of new urbanization, the investment of construction land is more difficult than other elements, for example technology and capital and so on, in which objectively results in that construction land intensive use should turn from extensive growth to intensive land-use. Conversely, new urbanization can strongly promote construction land intensive use by its agglomeration effect, structure effect, conduction effect and investment effect. Thus, the construction land intensive use is an inevitable choice for new urbanization, and also the inner requirement of new urbanization, while new urbanization provides great thrust force for construction land intensive use as an important method and the best solution.(2) Against the background of new urbanization, the evaluation results of construction land intensive use indicated that the scale effect of Wuhan agglomeration was marked. In the city territory, Wuhan City had highest level of construction land intensive use, followed closely by Huangshi City and E’zhou City, and the lowest was Xianning City, as a whole, this presented that the high-intensive area has agglomerated toward Wuhan City. Besides, in the county scale, the highest level was located in Wuhan main city zone, nevertheless, the levels of construction land intensive use in Caidian District and Jiangxia District of Wuhan City and liangzihu District of E’zhou City were lower, which displayed sharp contrast in comparison to the evaluation results of the city territory according to their affiliated. Overall, the level of construction land intensive use in the county scale showed the patterns of "Two-Belt "and "One-Zone" among Wuhan agglomeration,(3) In the year of 2000,2009 and 2012, Global Moran’s1 of construction land intensive use level in Wuhan agglomeration were respectively 0.1057,0.4205 and 0.4835, all passed the significant test at 0.05 level. So the level of construction land intensive use in Wuhan agglomeration exist significant spatial correlation, and their interaction and centralized function were gradually strengthened. Furthermore, the graph of LISA agglomeration indicated that Wuhan main city zone was the hotspot of construction land intensive use level in Wuhan agglomeration, while Xianning City and other counties formed the obvious cold-point.(4) The coupled coordination development level between construction land intensive use and new urbanization among the city territory and the county scale could be divided into three development stages and seven development types. As the development stage concerned, in the year of 2000 there were 37 counties in antagonistic state and 8 counties in running-in state, none of county was in coordination state. And by 2012, respectively, there were 15 counties,25 counties and 5 counties in antagonistic state, running-in state and coordination state. From 2000 to 2012, the relationship of construction land intensive use and new urbanization present the evolution from antagonistic state to running-in state and coordination state. Next, according to the development type, in contrast to the development level of urbanization, in 2000, the levels of construction land intensive use of 34 counties lag behind it,7 counties kept synchronous development with it, and 4 counties were ahead of it. Up to 2012, as the same comparison,28 counties delayed,8 counties kept trends similar and 9 counties advanced. Therefore, from the global aspect of Wuhan agglomeration, the levels of construction land intensive use were higher or lower than the development level of urbanization seriously. Then, in the space distribution view, the development type had minor polarization effect, but the regions with high economic development level ahead of other parts of Wuhan agglomeration achieved simultaneous optimization of both.(5) Through hierarchical linear model, aim at the spatial difference of construction land intensive use of Wuhan agglomeration,86.70% of the differencr came from the county scale and the city territory account for 13.30%. The financial revenue and the density of population on county scale were the two main causes, which occupied 92.6%, meanwhile, the proportion of secondary and ternary industry in GDP of the city territory occupied 80.76%, which had indirect effect on construction land intensive use in the county scale by influencing construction land intensive use in the city territory. All three were positively related to construction land intensive use in the county scale. Therefore, on the one hand, the improvement of construction land intensive use in the county area rely on fiscal revenue ensured by relevant taxes of land-use and the related standards, and at the same time, it’s important to put forward regional urbanization process to accelerate population urbanization level actively. And on the other hand, in the city level, it should promote the development of secondary and ternary industry by seeking industrial transformation and upgradation and optimizing the industrial structure, etc, indirectly to improve the level of construction land intensive use of the counties which are affiliated with the cities.(6) Curve estimators model and multi-objective programming had effectively solved the problem that the optimal degree of intensity of construction land use was difficult to quantitative research This paper estimated that, with urbanization level below for 30%, the optimal degree of intensity of construction land use was 262.52×104 yuan/hm2, and basically, the construction land intensive use of the counties at this stage had already exceeded their optimal degree of intensity. On the condition of urbanization level between 30% and 70%, the optimal degree of intensity was 461.32×104 yuan/hm2, the construction land intensive use of most counties at this stage were lower than the optimal degree of intensity. Moreover, the optimal degree of intensity was 676.48×104 yuan/hm2 as urbanization level greater than 70%, five main city zones of Wuhan were over-utilized in construction land for exceeding this optimal degree of intensity of 676.48×104 yuan/hm2. Then, according to the correlation between construction land intensive use level and its corresponding optimal degree of intensity, the study area could be divided into key development area and optimal range.On the basis of above research, the author puts forward some relevant policy and suggestions, for instance, establishing a virtuous circle mechanism of construction land intensive use and new urbanization in their mutual promotion, improving the allocation of land resources efficiency by market mechanism, perfecting standardization system of construction land use and improving supply threshold of construction land, making construction land intensive use according to the request of the "three lines" strictly, and establishing demonstration counties of construction land intensive use by using the part to drive the integer. Then, aim at management and control policy of construction land use, this paper proposes concrete, feasible schemes and measures with regional discrimination and scale differential fiber. At last, it prospects the foreground combining with the deficiencies of the present research.