Urban Land Supply Management And Control In Transitional China

China is experiencing a special period that called transitional period which refers to the economic and social transformation. There are four characteristics to describe this period. Firstly, economic system changes from a planned economy to market economy; secondly, economic growth mode changes from an extensive to an intensive one; thirdly, economic structure changes from traditional industries to high-tech industries and modern service industry; lastly, economic model changes from a scattered to a centralized one. If the transformation is not complete, it may cause some serious economic and social problems. So it is the key point for the governments to adjust the current legal, institutions and policies. More people as well as less farmland are China’s basic national condition. The conflict which is between the scarcity of land resources and much more demand for land conversion is existed for a long time. How to solve the conflict mentioned above is an urgent problem for the central and local governments. Urban land supply which is the last gate for the local governments to control and manage land is useful and important to allocate land resources and improve land use efficiency. How to achieve effective control of land supply is considered as one key way to solve the current problem of land resource constraints. In a word, it has important theoretical significance and practical value for the politicians and scholars to pay more attention to land supply control.In theory, governments especially the departments of land management which as the urban land managers have played an important contribution to the national economic growth. One of the methods to get the fact is land effective supply. Because it can achieve the reasonable utilization of land by adjust the total and structure land supply. But in fact, owing to the different goal for between local and central governments and the imperfect current evaluation mechanism and management system, the land supply control is not playing its own role. So there are some problems such as extensive use of the land for the governments to solve. So it is a practical problem for the different levels of governments to strength the land supply managements.Form 2004, Land began to be considered as one of the control means to macroeconomics. And The State Council and Ministry of Land Resource formulated some documents which concerned to land control and management. But to the actual effect of regulation, it is not satisfied by the public and governments. There are two main factors to explain the results, one is the unscientific mechanism, and the other is Unreasonable model. The construction land index from 2001 to 2010 has run out in 2001 for some cities in particular eastern China cities.In this study, literature review and theoretical analysis are employed to analyze the land supply control and its two methods which are mechanism and model. Taking urban land supply control as the starting point, this thesis establishes the "pattern optimization and mechanism innovation" analytical framework which is based on the goal of land supply control. The two main sub-goals are how to optimize the external mode and how to improve the internal mechanism of land supply control. And by analyzed the two means of land supply control, this thesis puts forwards some policies and measures to enhance the urban land supply.Urban land supply control is mainly to study how to supply the urban land and how to manage it. Obviously, the target of the land supply control is to improve the efficiency of land supply. It is an important content in this thesis to be solved. Because land supply control has already become to one of the means for central government to control the economic development, and land supply management has become one of the usual jobs for the local land management departments. This paper systematic and comprehensively explained the relevant contents of land supply management and control, which include principle, content and means. There are four means which are economic, administrative, legal and technical mean for the governments to use. Different means play different roles in different periods.For the implementation of urban land supply control is mainly from two aspects that are the "people" and the "things". To the people, it means that it should make the responsibilities clearly who are responsible for the land supply; to the things, it means that it should ensure the policies, processes and standards of the land supply which Includes all aspects of the land supply.Urban land supply mode is to study the way how to supply the urban land. The supply mode is different from supply style. Supply mode is a comprehensive mirror of urban land supply mechanism. It is a combination of land supply objects, style of supply, supply prices, supply routes and other different elements. Based on the main forces, urban land supply model can be divided into three different ones, which are government-oriented, market-oriented and mixed modes. Mode is different for different uses of urban land. From the long-term interests, mixed mode will be suit for China. Because it is useful for the government to monopolize the land market and improve the efficiency of land supply.Urban land supply mechanism is to study the impact of urban land supply-related factors on land supply mechanism, the role and function of the process results. Land supply mechanism is to determine the efficiency of urban land supply. From the whole process of urban land supply, urban land supply mechanism would be formed by dynamic mechanism, restraint mechanism, the price mechanism, access mechanism and the regulatory mechanism.Dynamic mechanism affects the urban land supply and the decision-making process. Restraint mechanism is used to test and calibrate the government decision-making behavior. Price mechanism regulates the price of urban land. Access mechanism is to set up some entrance standards for the land users. Regulatory mechanism is for the supervision and management of land supply.The two parts above describe the external and internal paths of urban land supply, and give a detailed description of urban land supply mechanism and mode, and also discusses how to optimize the mode and achieve mechanism innovation. Finally, this thesis takes Nanjing city as an example to analyze the land supply mechanism and land supply mode based on the changes of the number of land supply, structure, timing, space and policy. The two paths of land supply are discussed deeply. Some implications and suggestions are put forward to improve the land supply control and management of Nanjing.