Study On Extension In Shuowen-Tongxun-Dingsheng

The paper is study the extension of the word all over in the book of Shuowen-Tongxun-Dingsheng( 说文通训定声 ) written by Zhu Junsheng who famous in study of shuo wen. The full paper divides into six parts altogether:The first part is foreword, introducing the signification of studying on this subject ,and the theory and method used in it, and several problems correlated with studying of application of the selected title.The second is the study history of extension and the book Shuowen-Tongxun-Dingsheng. Among them has also distinguished the relation that the term of extension and the development of the meaning and the change of the meaning, so we can determine the viewpoint the paper based on. The paper thinks development of the meaning of a word, the meaning of a word develop, change of the meaning of a word is the concept that in the same level. Broadly defined extension is the development of the meaning of a word; narrowly defined it is a way in which the meaning of a word develops. In order to state the question, this paper used the broadly defined concept.The third is a comparative research between the study of Duan Yvcai(段玉裁) and Zhu Junsheng (朱骏声), summing up its difference as ten respects, appraising the gain and loss of them, from the expression way of the language, inherit and developing, the explanation of motivation in extension, saying that solves such respects as the difference of ways , difference of the view ,etc. So we can find out whose view is better.The fourth is analyzing the theory of Zhu Junsheng' s on notative (转注) , the way of the extension, and the divergence of thecharacter based on the extension. There are 13 kinds of the way of the extension in all, namely it is from the general to the individual, from the part to the whole, from the concretization to the abstractness, from the action to the thing or implement, from the cause to the effect, from one thing to the other, from the material to the product, based on the function, based on the position, based on the similar character, and spatial-temporal extension, notional-functional extension, the meaning of result to become regular meaning, from positive to negative and so on. The differentiated graph have 5 kinds of them, that is the different of phonetic component, the different of semantic component, abbreviated signify, the different locality of the component part, the different of the origin.The fifth part make more overall appraisal on the scholastic attainment of the theory on notative and the others, such as the impact on the later of systematic theory of the meaning of a word, the impact on character dictionary, and the relation between the phonic and the semantic.The sixth part is two appendices: one is analyze the meaning of the word which in the first five part of the book in order to find out the way of the development of a word and the relation between the tone and the meaning. The other is the word which have the extension in Duan Yucai' book.