A Study On Modern Chinese Art Education

This thesis takes the art education which is involved in the educational system as the research object, and the research confine is the art education in martial and industrial technique schools, kindergartens, elementary schools, middle schools, industrial schools, normal schools, higher schools and universities, at LATE CH'ING of modern China, including the years between Tongzhi, Guangxu, and Xuantong, which were around the proclaim of Renyin-Guimao educational system. Doing this historical study is to clear how the school's art education arose and developed in modern China? What're the structure and the relationship of the art education system from the kindergartens, elementary schools, to universities? How did they teach it? And try to grasp the whole situation of art education in every level school, which is involved in the educational system. About the detailed research, the author attempts to expound the school's art education at LATE CH'ING from three aspects: appearance, structure and development. The appearance of it was a need at that time. But the educational system which was proclaimed by the court of CH'ING dynasty, it became the structure of school's art education and the basis of its development. It saying like that, the appearance of school's art education is the response of CH'ING court to the times; the structure of school's art education is the choice by the CH'ING court; and the form of school's art education is the combination, motion and development between its appearance and structure. In this thesis, the author puts forward two points: (1) the school's art education at LATE CH'ING is start from martial and industrial technique schools by Westernizationists; (2) the school's art education at LATE CH'ING has two paths, one is the technical oriented art education, the other is the industrial technique-oriented art education. It is because that the start point of the modern Chinese art education occurred in the new style schools, setting up by the Westernizationists. And the appearance of the new style schools had the relationship with the failure of military affairs at that time. Therefore, the content of art education was absolutely drawing then (namely engineering drawing today.) The Khimteng School Statute and the Determined School Statute, which were constituted by the CH'ING court at the early twentieth century, becoming the early educational law. Along with the establishment of educational system, drawing was regulated as a formal curriculum in schools, began at this time. And the regulation of art curriculum in these schools, which was ruled by the statute, forming a systemic structure of school's art education. In this structure, the subject of drawing is in the central, then, the handwork subject which as a random, and music subject is totally ignored. The author considers that the school's art education at LATE CH'ING not only is the early period of school's art education and industrial design education in modern China, but also the start point of art education in elementary schools and middle schools, industrial design education, Art and Crafts Education and design education.