Study On The Theory And Practice Of Modern City Agriculture

With the trends of urbanization and industrization,agriculture is becoming a small section, the phenomenons,just as the spread of city problems,the desires to high-quality life,and the developing of modern electronic and biology technologies,make people pay more attention to modern city agriculture.Agronomics and other subjects are blending to expand the study fields,city agriculture is such a field.To study the agriculture structural change and the new functions, new characters in the quickly changing city district,and to study how the agricultural economy system in city will in line with the whole city-economy system,is becoming an ascedant field for district economists and agronomists,this field is called "City Agriculture" .This conception was brought forward by some American economists in the 1960s.Since 1980s,it was widely accepted in the world. At present,this study has obtained many results,which focus on two aspects,one is the study on developing and exploiting of new manners and new technologies in the city;The other is the study on the Service City Agriculture who are in possession of the functions of economy,ecology,society,and culture in the plots and surroundings of city.With the increasing of city population and the changing of city consumption structure,studies on this two aspects show great importance.Thereinto,the study on the first aspect is marked in America,Holand and Israel;Study on the relationships among agriculture and city circumstance and people's life quality is deepened in Japan and Singapore.When layouting and developing the city agriculture in many developing countries,they are based on these countries' experiences.But, because of the different background, ways and phases of urbanization in different countries, their understanding and request to the city agriculture are not identical. Some countries' city agriculture are at the phase of supplying basic survival materials,some have turned to supply enjoyment materials and be reefed by industry.The conception of city is different in different countries,it means only the center of the city in some countries,but it contains city-influenced areas; some countries definite agriculture as the narrow-sensed agriculture,but some add all the products in the chain of agriculture to the agriculture production value.Each country should face and deal with different problems because of the different phases they are at.So,this present paper are based on the situation of our own country to learn from other countries,this study is consistent with the phase of our own country's city economy.some developed countries are befallen from over urbanization,and have no population burden,agriculture employment is short,they have developed to the phase of surburbanization and after-industrization,so that they can attach more importance to the ecological and social benefits of city agriculture.We are under-urbanization and need to accelerate the course of rural-urbanization to rapid urbanization,for which we should increase the proportion of the second and the tertiary industries and transfer the agriculture forces,there is no impetus to city agriculture.Many issues that challenged developed countries have occurred in our country,like the over-dense population of the city center,the thermal-island effect,the declination of people's life quality,the agriculture pollution around the city,farm lands are changed for other purposes,subsistent agriculture is facing great challenge,and so on,we should look for different solutions from developed countries because of the practical situation. Along with the rapid urbanization and the increaing desire to high life quality of people,and the national economy transiting to the phase of comparative superfluous from the phase of shortage economy,the city agriculture is facing the burden ofstructure adjustment and function transition,the thoght and policy need to be changed.This paper is presented to fit to this situation.There are three parts and seven chapters of this present.Introduction.In this part,I expound...