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Democracy Within The Party Differences

Posted on:2008-09-27Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:J W RenFull Text:PDF
GTID:1116360212491660Subject:Doctrine of the party and party building
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This dissertation primarily expounds the difference between two kinds of inner-party democracy in two socialist parties which are communist party and social democratic party.There are two kinds of parties whose relationship is very special in a lot of parties in modern countries because they ever originated from the same body, had the same guiding ideology, and the forms of organization. And they ever broke up completely, making their own ways like strangers even enemies; therefore, they began to have different aims, ways, and forms of organization. However, today they can respect each other and cooperate peacefully with the lifting of their history feud in spite that they can not give up the friction and make forward hand in hand.It is important to point out that the study objects of this dissertation are communist parties which were ever in power such as those in Soviet Union, East Europe, Chinese communist party and those who are in power in some socialist countries, because the principles for building parties of Leninism are employed completely and typically in those parties. This dissertation does not concern about the communist parties in developed countries. Social democratic parties in this dissertation such as socialist parties and labor parties are those in some developed countries in Europe such as German, French, England, Sweden, because socialist parties originated from those countries and democracy in those countries developed earlier and more mature and democratic features of those parties are the most typical forms. This dissertation does not mention the social democratic parties which ever existed in socialist countries and those which newly appeared in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, either. In order to carry out comparative study effectively, the author arranged the content like this, because characteristic and colorful things can be recognized easily.The topic of democracy within the party is old and new. In recent years there are more and more monographs and academic articles concerning it in mainland; however, there are few which can concentrate on the comparison of inner-party democracy between different parties and analyze the reasons. Is it necessary to apply the comparative study? The answer is affirmative. Because in order to study the regular action of parties, we must research into all the parties including CPC, especially those that can affect other countries; therefore, we can induce some regular characters, which can not be obtained if limited in only one party or one kind of parties, as is used to research democracy within the party. Because it is a problem that must be solved not only by CPC but also by other communist parties, not only communist parties, but also other kind of parties.Why do I choose the comparison between communist parties and socialist parties? One of the important reasons is that they have special relationships as mentioned in the first paragraph, but there exists no this between communist parties and western right parties, socialist parties and right parties. We can explore the skeletons of the democracy within those parties in the course of their generation, development and change clearly by analyzing the course in which they have been cooperating and separating. We can master the development law of the inner-party democracy deeply and get some references for CPC in the new era by comparing the difference between these two kinds of parties.This dissertation principally has six chapters:Chapter One analyzes the theory of democracy within the party generally. The premise for the analysis is that there exists a special and universal relationship between democracy and the democracy within the party. In this chapter, the author will first analyze and induce the theories and practices of democracy and then discuss three basic principles (majority, program and minority) in which democracy can be carried out. Then the author explains the relationship between the inner-party democracy and democracy, which means that democracy within the party does not belong to the system of a country but the extention and transplantation of the general principle of a party. Thirdly, the author draws a conclusion that the essence of democracy within the party is a system by the way in which scientific definition can be made by pulsing genus to the difference of category. At last, this part discusses the basic function of democracy within the party, which is very important for the development of a party and the development of democracy of a state-nation.Chapter two mainly explains the origins of democracy within social democratic parties, which come from the principles of democracy of communist parties in Marx-Engle's era. This chapter first reflects some conspired organizations founded by early Utopian socialists whose characters are centralism, and then discusses some principles of democracy which were created when the Communist Confederation and First International were established with the help of Marx and Engles, and at last treats the struggles between the principles of democracy and centralism during the course in which German communist party was built.Chapter three chiefly expounds the source of organizing system of communist parties, called democratic centralism, which is founded for new communist party by Lenin and obviously different from the principles of the parties of Second International in Europe, whose contents are the disintegration of Second International and the birth of Lenin's theory for party, the essence and criticism of democratic centralism, and the course in which democratic centralism was established as the principle of organization for all the communist parties by Comintern.Chapter four chiefly discusses the development and reform of democracy within communist parties. Part one, taking communist party of USSR as an example, discusses Lenin's contribution to the party in power, the deterioration of democracy within communist party of USSR and the wrong road it went down. The reason for which the author chooses communist party of URRS is because it is the cradle and promoter for democratic centralism, meanwhile other communist parties' system of organization are copies to a certain degree and the situation of democracy within communist party of USSR is typical of all. Part two explains the reforms of democracy within communist parties, one kind of which went to extremes so as to bring about the death of those parties and countries such as the communist parties of USSR and East Europe, and the other kind of which have got some fruitful results by gradual reform and reciprocal promotion in democracy within the party and society.Chapter five primarily discussed the transformation of social democratic party and the reform of democracy within the party. Part one explains the systems of organization which were founded by social democratic parties one by one which were different from Comintern's centralism. Part two discusses the transformation of social democratic parties after World War Two, which is the background and foundation of the reform for the system of organization of the party. In order to adapt to the competitive organism among parties, the direction in reform of Social Democratic Parties should be more democratic and public, especially in direct democracy.Chapter six basically discusses the reason for the differences between democracies within two parties. At first, the author sums up the differences and the points out that what attitudes we should have towards the differences. Then the discourse expounds that social ecological environment is the key factor which determines the differences and how it affects the engendering of democracy within the party and reforms of political parties in view of dynamics.
Keywords/Search Tags:Democracy within the party (inner-party democracy), Communist party, Social democratic party, difference, comparative study, political ecological environment
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