Practice Studies On Reform Of Urban Household Registration System

China's current household registration system is a social-economic managementsystem which gears to the policy of heavy industry first in the command economyperiod.With the establishment of the socialist market economy system,theunreasonable aspects of the household registration system are emerging.This systemneeds reform but is hard to.The reform of it has already become a vital and practicaltest in the development process of the whole society.Although the reform of household registration system continues to be a hotspotamong the public,government agencies and academic field since mid-80s in 20^thcentury,there are little research foundings focusing on Practice studiescomprehensively.Choosing cities as research objects,this dissertation has donecomprehensive studies on the practices of reform of urban household system byprofound analysis and summing-up.In the prospective of interest,this dissertation has done rational analysis onreform of urban household system,also reviewed the whole process of it since theadoption of reform and opening-up policy in 1978.According to the main measurestaken by local authorities,this dissertation summarized the phrase characteristics,which are as follows:central government dominate and local government execute in1980s;local government explore and central government acquiescence in 1990s;central government give guidance and local government carries out following theirrespective conveniences since 1990s.Secondly,this dissertation has researched on the background of the establishmentof temporary residence permits system.Apart from that,this dissertation also focuseson the spatial proliferation of temporary residence permits system among provincesand cities by analyzing the regulations and charts issued by them.Thirdly,thisdissertation also analyzed the reform on household registration system for towns,thereform on the commercialized urban household residence permits,and the system oftalents residence registration system,also the policy of granting urban householdresidence permits by family members systemically by three different views:thechanges,as well as the time-space relations of urban household registration reform, the spatial difference of the contents and effectiveness of the reform as well as thepositive aspects and limits of it.At last,this dissertation summarizes the illuminationof the reform on urban household registration from three aspects:value-guide ofhousehold registration reform,driven forces of urban household registration reformand the spatial proliferation model and regional imitation of it.The research foundings are as follows:First,the decision and measures taken by local government are mainly relyingupon these two underlying points:whether these measures can promote the economicdevelopment and whether the government can afford the pressure brought by thecorresponding public services.The results shows that these reforms are tend toexcessively promote development while ignoring the welfare of the public.Second,the main characteristics of special proliferation of the temporaryresidence system are as follows:in the dimension of institution,proliferation goesfrom provincial authorities to sub authorities;in the dimension of time,proliferationgoes like the curve"s",which is subject to the general law of the phenomenon ofinnovation proliferation;in the dimension of space,the neighborhood effect isobvious,while the influential area limits to near regions which have the same socialand economic development level.Imitation prevails while innovation fades.Third,the practice of household registration system in towns shows that thefundamental driving force of the reform of household registration system is thedevelopment of the market economy which is evidenced by the fact that the startingtime and effects of this reform has close links with the standard of regional economicdevelopment.Towns in China's south-east costal areas with sound economy rank firstduring the reform process,the results are best,and then the Mid-areas followed by thewestern areas.Fourth,the commercialized reform of urban household registration permit isindeed a dealing process between local authorities and citizens.During this process,the strings of acquiring the permits,which just like the commodity,go with the marketlaw.The value of urban household registration permit has direct ration with levels andthe specific locations of the cities.Better location goes with better value.Fifth,while exerting positive affects,the talent residence system,mainly for attracting talents,has obvious limits for only granting partly"citizen treatment"tothem.This behavior,to some extent,is against the purpose of the reform of householdregistration system,which emphasizes the equality when enjoying public services forall the citizens.The practice of this reform,taking shanghai as an example,shows thegreat difference between the citizens and the"talents".Shrinking the gap is anecessity to consider.Sixth,during this reform process,the welfare of the public are commonlyignored.The policy of kids and relatives with household registration permits showsthese obstacles.Considering more humanity,coordinating better the relations betweendevelopment and public welfare are the basic principles for the reform of urbanhousehold registration system.Seventh,the purpose of household registration system should be target both atthe equality of household registration and freedom of migration and immigration.Anything is against these purposes should be avoided.Eighth,driving force of this reform comes from attracting talents,capital topromote economic development and the pressure originates from the arrangements ofcentral government and the appealing from grassroots.The practice shows that whenthe driving force is powerful,the reform goes too far,while pressure is powerful,thereform stops on halfway or is just on superficial.Ninth,the geographical proliferation of this reform shows not-complete theneighborhood effect,which means neighborhood effect prevails,but only limits to thenearby areas with the same social and economic development status in the dimensionof space.The diffusing shape in space is just like sector or tie but not continuous.Tenth,during this proliferation,no matter from the new policy adopted,or thecontents carried out,there is a conclusion that imitation behavior prevails andinnovation fades.How to improve the innovative sense and ability to renew institutionso as to avoid imitation is an urgent subject.