Research On The Relationship Between The Overseas Students Studying Sports And The Development Of China's Sports (1903-1963)

In 1847, Rong Hong, Huang Kuan and Huang Sheng were taken by foreign missionaries to the United States for study, which uncovered the prelude of China's students studying abroad. On 11th August of 1872,,the first group of 30 children in late Qing Dynasty sailed for San Francisco from Shanghai, which marked the beginning of Chinese students officially studying abroad. Since then, groups of Chinese students were far from home to learn the advanced science and culture world-widely. Nevertheless, there were also a number of China's students studying sports abroad, who actively learned the "rational core" of western sports, and spread them to China, which made important contributions to the modernization of China's sports. The research is of certain academic value and practical significance in promoting contemporary overseas P.E. of China and improving cultural exchanges of sports between China and other countries.The object of the research is " Chinese Overseas Students Studying Sports (1903-1963) ". The 60 years of history covered by the research includes the late Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China and the initial beginning stage of PRC. Guided basically by Historical Materialism and Dialectical Materialism, this research makes a historical, comprehensive and systematic analysis on the relationship between Chinese Overseas Students Studying Sports and the development of China's sports by the methods of literature review, logical analysis, quantitative analysis, comparison, case analysis and so on.Conclusions:(1) Since modern times, China's overseas P.E. had the characteristics of one direction as a whole, the divergence between genders, the periodicity of the occurrence time, the imbalance of matriculation, the concentration of the countries studying abroad, the diversity of different study groups, the stability of professional learning, the variation of the achievements of overseas P.E., etc.(2) China's overseas P.E. had the basic rules of multiple factors constraining, patriotic spirit driving, cross-cultural advantage leading to achievements, developing from spontaneousness to self-consciousness, combining culture input with output, the leading effect of overseas students diminishing and so on.(3) The basic contributions of Chinese overseas students studying sports to the China's sports are mainly reflected at three levels:at material one, institutional one, and spiritual one. The contributions at material level contain the introduction of sporting events, the creation of sports equipment and the development of sports skill; The role at the institutional level is the promotion of P.E. system, athletic competition system and research system; The activities of overseas students at spiritual level include spreading the sports thought of militarism and naturalism, advocating the sports thought of nationalism, participating in the discussion of sports thought, etc.(4) The overseas students studying sports have the cultural characteristics of being good at foreign languages, having received professional training abroad, and having a cross-cultural perspective and practice. They spread western sports through the aspects of substance, system and thoughts, which made positive contribution to the development of national sports. They are the pioneers of modernization of China's sports.(5) The historical enlightenment of China's Overseas P.E. since modern times: Overseas P.E. should be long-standing work; The excellent national character and the fine part of the patriotism tradition should be maintained in overseas P.E.; The innovation and the balance of overseas education should be kept; We must give full play to the role of the overseas student studying sports, and insist on national self-confidence and so on.