| Scientific and technological training for farmers is the important way to enhance the quality of rural laborers, cultivate new farmers which adapt to the development of modern agriculture and form rural human resources. Basing on reasonable definition of new farmers'scientific and technological training and its relevant concepts, this paper fully learns from related theories and analyzes the training needs of governmental, non-governmental levels and different types of farmers from the perspective of farmers'scientific and technological training demands. Adopting methodology of investigation and research and on the basis of analyzing the demanding situation of farmers'scientific and technological training resource in Liaoning province, it empirically analyzes the demands and its effects of farmers'scientific and technological training. Dividing the farmers'scientific and technological supply into three elements, that is, system, technology and capital, it analyzes the mode, content and existing problems of supply and comprehensively evaluates the supply ability of farmers'scientific and technological training in Liaoning province using the combination of hierarchical analysis and fuzzy synthetic judgment. Furthermore, it builds demand-oriented farmers'scientific and technological training system which guided by government and market, and puts forward its operation system. Basing on the practical survey cases of leader for technology training system which guided by agricultural colleges or universities and farmers'scientific and technological training system in membership led by specialized cooperative economic organizations, from the pre-training, while-training and post-training work, this paper provides ideas and suggestions which are suitable for modern agriculture scales, intensive and industrial development trends of new farmers'scientific and technological training.This paper provides the following results and conclusions:(1) Through the analysis of the demands and its effects on new farmers'scientific and technological training, from the perspective of macro, medium and micro view, it concludes that main bodies of farmers'scientific and technological training are government, enterprise and farmers; moreover, it considers that farmers are important and main bodies of scientific and technological training system. Through the analysis of quality status and drive, demand characteristics and existing problems toward farmers in Liaoning province by using first-hand survey data, it divides new farmers into two types, common laborers and rural elite personnel; furthermore, it defines different training demands. In view of rural laborers and training resources status in Liaoning province, this paper takes an empirical study of farmers'demands for scientific and technological training by using the combination of questionnaires and actual interviews. Research demonstrates that farmers show intensive demands for training information; however, actual publicity does not satisfy their needs. Field demonstration is acceptable for farmers, and planting and breeding are their favorites. Moreover, farmers likes the guidance of experts in the field in a short period, income increasing is their main aims. Taking data fitting via ordered logistic regression, this paper studies the elements which affect farmers'scientific and technological training demands. Its results show that farmers'training demands are closely related to their social contact, industry and its scale and family income. Feasible farmers'scientific and technological training plans and special training activities are suggested. Meanwhile, for the special people, such as village leaders, backbone of agricultural laborers and large farmer-households, different level of training are needed.(2) Through the analysis of supply and its ability estimation on new farmers'scientific and technological training, this paper considers that system, technology and capital compose two types of training supply. Just taking Liaoning province as an example, it builds estimation index systems of farmers'training supply ability that matched with the supply elements above, which include system innovation ability index, scientific and technological resources input-output ability index, training resources input ability index and training value output ability index. Moreover, basing on AHP and FAZZY as a tool, it takes evaluation of farmers'scientific and technological training supply ability. For its results, we conclude that farmers'scientific and technological training supply ability in Liaoning province is quite strong.(3) Through the analysis of the system and its operation mechanism towards new farmers'scientific and technological training, effective demands and effective supply are mutual in the demand and supply paradigm of economics, which build supply and demand balanced system of demand-oriented farmers scientific and technological training. Meanwhile, it points out that farmers'scientific and technological training by government-led and market-led are two supporting platforms. On the basis of System Engineering, it analyzes self-organized and organized measures of farmers'scientific and technological training supply & demand by using actual survey data, so as to achieve the balanced farmers'scientific technological training via capacity building of every main bodies. Finally, it puts forward the guarantee of the balanced supply and demand for farmers'scientific and technological training, and achieves the mechanism of two training platforms, which including system guarantee, facility improvement, collaboration, information sharing and training by need, etc. so as to guarantee the benign operation and coordinated growth of new farmers'scientific and technological training system in China.(4) Through the analysis of the practice and survey on farmers'scientific and technological training system which depends on agricultural colleges or universities, it points out that government is the main body of farmers'scientific and technological training led by agricultural colleges or universities; however, farmers elite are the objects of its training. Taking"Farmer Technician Training Project in Liaoning Province"guided by Shenyang Agricultural University as a case, and farmer learners as respondents, we can conclude that this kind of training mode meets the requirements of training demands for rural technology leaders. For its training methods, time, course, teacher and organizational management, selection evaluation system pre-training, coordination and integration system while-training and supporting system post-training are necessary. In addition, this kind of training system has certain effects on improving the net income of agricultural families, enhancing organization of farmers, concerning about Ecology, applying and spreading new technology ability and enhancing the quality of social psychology, etc.(5) Through the analysis of the practice and survey on farmers'scientific and technological training system which depends on specialized cooperative economic organizations, it concludes that this kind of training takes cultivating a group of educated, skilled, good management of rural cooperative economic organizations or leading agricultural enterprise backbone as objects. Just taking Hanfu Apple Association Member in Dongling District, Shenyang as an example, this paper quantificationally analyzes the evaluation research of implement and its effect of farmers'scientific and technological training in membership. The result shows that its effects are better. Finally, it puts forward to improve farmers'scientific and technological training effects in membership, that is, combine the farmers'demand and organization to confirm training direction, combine farmers'acceptability and long-term development to devise training contents and combine the government support and organization construction to make tracking service.
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