A Research On The Administrationization Of Universities From The Perspective Of Institutional Theories

The power of academic and administration is the most basic power form influencing on universities, which has its own rationality respectively. When the administrative power gets beyond its legitimate and reasonable boundaries, and does instead of the academic power to play a definitely leading role in the operation of universities, it will result in the administrationization of university governance. In essence, the administrationization of university is a kind of generalization for the overall characteristics of university institutional system, i.e. administrationization embodies that the existing university system is a kind of institutional system which relies on administration as its base, orientation and center. From the perspective of Institutional System Theories, administrationiation is composed of three aspects:the formal system centralized on regime, the informal system centralized on views and the implementation mechanism centralized on command-execution.Due to administrationization has violated three utmost important organizational features, including academic, contractual and ethics characteristics of university and its governance requirements, the reform of de-administrationizition is adopted. Furthermore, administrationization causes various direct harms, such as the unilateral, superficial and single effects to the criterions of university work, and leads to many problems on educational system ethics and corruption; it also ruins academic ecology and goes against the construction of scientific and democratic management system. The nomination of the reform on de-administration manifests the non-equilibrium state in power structure, dice game of interests, and productive development of university institutional system, which featured on administration.The factors resulted in university administrationization can be divided into categories: One is the principle, universal and institutional factors, and the other is conditional, peculiar and incidental factors. The Path-Dependent, Resource-Dependence and Public-Choice Mechanisms are the three principles for organizational operation. The reason for the university administrationization is the existence of these principles, and the reality of China has catered to the conditions of these principles.Dice game of interests is a basic principle of de-administrationization reform in universities. Therefore, to handle the relationship of interests well during the process of reform would be the only way leading to the goal of de-administration reform. The transition of de-administrationization is a kind of overall institutional transition, and its main manner is incremental and mandatory. This reform has not only objective necessity, but also long-term, complexity and even iterative features. De-administrationization in university is an important strategy for the reform of higher educational system in China. It aims to explore the patterns of university governance, which accord with the characteristics of university organization, educational disciplines and the management disciplines, so as to push forward the transition, update and optimization of university governance to be realized. The reform of university de-administrationization can be carried out by transforming the government functions, implementing and expanding the autonomy of university education, improving the administrative selection of university presidents and improving the academic committee system, exploring effective paths to teach, strengthening the design of regulations, building the overall power control, and drawing up the balancing mechanisms, etc.