Study On The Lssues Of Fishery Subsidy At The Present Stage In China

With the development of fisheries economy, the problems of over-fishing and resource exhaustion, ecological environment deterioration have become more and more serious in the world. The fishery subsidy is an important reason for the above-mentioned problems. Fishery subsidy promotes industry and fund to move toward Fisheries and strengthens fishing capacity by increasing fishery's income or reducing fishery's cost. Meanwhile, fishery subsidy brings influence to international trade of the aquatic products.As a member of World Trade Organization (WTO), a big trading country and a big fishery's country, China should pay close attention to fishery subsidy, no matter for sustainable development or fair trade concerns. The paper investigated fishery subsidy theory systematically, analyzed the impact on resources of fishery subsidy, and studied the fishery subsidy policy of different countries. The paper proposed the thinking of reform of fishery subsidy in our country, aiming at improving fishery's efficiency and competitive power and increasing fisherman's income.This paper includes eight parts:The first two parts were introductions and replenishing relevant knowledge and theory of subsidy.The third part discusses fishery subsidy and its impact on resources. This part probes into the definition, classification, effectiveness and assessment of fishery subsidy. And this part discusses on influence of fishery subsidy on sustainable utilization of fishery resources emphatically using Gordon-Schaefer model. The conclusion is that under the Circumstances of Free access to fisheries, both of benefit-increasing subsidy and cost-decreasing subsidy can break the existing balance, obtaining profit under the original fishing capacity, and find new balance finally. In other words, under the Circumstances of no government regulations, fishery subsidy can encourage fishing effort to increase and aggravate over-fishing when fishery resources are Over-exploited, while fishery subsidy can promote fisheries resources developed when they are under-utilized. So, it is very essential that fishery subsidy and government regulations exist at the same time.The forth part in this paper, the state of fishery subsidy in the main fishery countries is analyzed. The purpose of this part is to summarize experience and find the trend of fishery subsidy in the world:to control the amount of subsidy, to reduce the fishery subsidy that twists international trade, and to control fishing capacity.The fifth and sixth parts are focal points of this research. Part five analyzes the system of fishery subsidy policy in our country, including subject, form and characteristic, content, mechanism of fishery subsidy. The influence factors of fishery subsidy policy are WTO negotiation, international trade policy, fishery agreement between neighboring countries, and fishermen transformation to other industries in our country. The conclusion drawn from above was that the shortcomings of fishery subsidy policy are small amount of subsidy, irrationality of the subsidy structure, incomplete type of subsidy, poor management of subsidy funds and lack of standardization of accounting indices system.In the sixth part, According to the condition of our country and shortcomings of fishery subsidy, the paper thinks fishery subsidy policy should be reformed from below three aspects. First of all, the structure of fishery subsidy should be optimized, including reducing the prohibitive subsidy, strengthening "green subsidy" according to SCM; focusing on subsidy from fishing industry and Aquaculture industry to profound processing industry, especially to leisure fishery; increasing direct subsidy, especially strenghening the subsidy to the fishery professional. Secondly, the type of fishery subsidy should be adjusted, including strengthening the direct subsidy to the fisherman; increasing the subsidy to pelagic fishery, leisure fishery and establishment fishery; supporting of infrastructure, research & development and ecological environmental protection; improving system of the fishery insurance, etc. Thirdly, in consideration of disadvantages of present accounting indices system (inaccuracy and repetitive computation), the paper suggested use the PSE model (Producer Subsidy Equivalent) to account fishery subsidy, because this method can analyze the "net influence" of the government intervention to fishery economic deeply and extensively. In addition, this part proposes the implementation strategy of fishery subsidy policy in China, including seting up related laws and regulations and systems, establishing independent fishery subsidy system, solving the problem of insufficient subsidy amount, intensifying management of subsidy funds, and safeguarding our own interests during the WTO negotiation.The last part is the conclusion. This part reviews the full text, summarizes the main conclusions and existing deficiencies, and makes sure the research direction in the future.