Study On The Rural Minimum Living Security System Under The Ethical Horizon

In 1990s, the rural minimum living security system was launched in some places, and it was expanded national wide in 2007. The formulation and implementation of the system plays an important role in ensuring the basic living for poor people and social development in rural area. However, there are still many problems in the process of implementation which require reflection and perfection. At present, the academic circles has carried on beneficial discussion on the Subsistence Security System, most of them analysis the system from a political, economical and social perspective which provides an important basis during the construction and perfection of the system.Nonetheless, we cannot simply view the rural minimum living security system from political, economical or social perspective; we also should view it from ethical perspective. It is a social system with strong ethical meaning that differs from other systems, it has its own ethic demands:humanitarian, social justice, civil rights and social integration, the ethics gives the system strong ethical meaning, not only provides the system with adequate rationality, legitimacy, but also provides basic premise for people to accept the system.Through field investigation in rural Hubei, the rural minimum living security system as the state's a policy has been sinking to rural area; the basic framework system has been formed, and achieved good results:the coverage of the system has been extended, the treatment standard has been improved and the rural residents give a high evaluation of the system. The system, as the axis of associative and comprehensive rural assistance system has been established. Actually, the process of system implementation is the realization of the institutional ethics process.But, in the operation of the rural minimum living security system, its ethical value rationality is not entirely being obeyed; this inevitably brings the anomie of value on this system, which is ethical anomie such as:the stigmatization of the welfare, the social construction, the operation of relationship, the black case work, the colonization of life-world and the exclusionary isolation. All these are widely exist in the process of policy sinking and the normal rural life. And they all deviate from the ethics of the system, do not accord with the meaning world of the rural minimum living security systemBased on the analysis of the ethics of the rural minimum living security system that ought-to-be, and the ethics anomie that actually happens in practice, this study gives a reflection of the system, and found:between system text and system practice, there are both conjunction point and fissure; between system tool rationality and value rationality, there are both mutual embedded and opposition.The ethical anomie of the rural minimum living security system appeared in the process of operation cannot be fully eliminated, but can be controlled to a certain extent. It is helpful to remedy the ethical anomie of the system. The paths should be:to identify the ethical orientation, to build up sharing value system; to reshape rural social trust, to construct interest coordination mechanism and to perfect institutional arrangements, construct series effective practice system.Based on the above analysis, this paper reaches the conclusion:The primary attribute of the rural minimum living security system is ethical value, but it fades away during the practice operation of the system the rural minimum living security system must be rooted in the daily life of the farmers, and realize the unification of the rational construction and the perceptual choice; the system must be embedded in rural social space field, fuse the nationality with the locality.