Transition Period, The Rural Labor Force Transfer And Policy Research

In the transformation period, transfer of rural labor is an important stage of building modern society, which is also one of the fundamental contents of realizing transformation. This paper starts from the proposition:transfer of rural labor in late-mid-transformation period. The main research content is to study the basic progress, factors, elementary path and policies of rural labor transfer. Furthermore, this thesis tries to bring forward some new understandings for the theories, practices, and policies. Finally, it provides wider political choices for pushing ahead transfer of rural labor.This paper mainly studies some aspects as follows:Firstly, this paper analyzes the basic background of current studying on the transfer of rural labor, defines the relevant concepts as economic and social transformation, the transfer of rural labor and so on. At the same time, an overview is given on the industry theory, dualistic structure theory, human capital theory, regional theory and some other theories about the transfer of rural labor in the foreign countries. Besides, this paper does a review of the current domestic research literatures as well as sorting out the related theories and papers about the transfer of rural labor. The basic content of the theory of the rural labor transfer abroad demonstrates the synergy relationship of the main elements of economic and social transformation, such as the transfer of rural labor, industrialization, urbanization, and modern government building; mainly from the relevant national conditions of China, the domestic related literature, proposes the basic content of that the rural labor transfer, designs and implements policies consistent with national conditions.Secondly, on the basis of summarizing the correlated process and experience of the transfer of rural labor in other countries, this paper brings forward the process framework of transfer of rural labor in the transformation period, and summarizes the correlated experience in foreign countries. On this foundation, this paper rearranges the basic process, relevant policies of the transfer of rural labor in China and the effects in different period since reformation and opening up. It also conceives the political tendency, the transferring results and some other details of transfer of rural labor in China for a period of time in the future. Consequently, this paper designs the process framework for the transfer of rural labor in China in the transformation period. This paper argues that, for the most populous countries, in the transformation period, the design and implementation of population policy is very difficult. China's current success can learn from economic and social policies of other countries or regions, but never copied. Only if policies are formulated in accordance with their actual conditions, could one truly achieve long-term development. In the late-mid-transformation period, China should further amend early policies, construct China's own institutional system, and form the transformation path in line with China's national conditions, which is fundamental to the success of rural labor policy.Furthermore, this paper analyzes the fundamental factors which affects the transfer of rural labor in China, and puts forward the logical framework. In this paper, the general rules in transformation countries are analyzed as follows:economic drive is the basic driving force of transformation; social drive is the implicit mechanism of transformation; labor force especially the rural labor is the essential support of transformation; and the institution changes constitute the elementary path dependence of transformation. All the four elements are the basic restraints for the transfer of rural labor in China, which also constitute the centre strut of Chinese transformation. Meanwhile, the transfer of rural labor also affects the evolution of all the four elements, and promotes the deepening of transformation. On this foundation, this paper brings forward three paths for the transfer of rural labor in China, which is modern agriculture, urban economy, non-agricultural industries in rural areas. This paper argues that urbanization is not the only path to the transfer of rural labor, modern agriculture, and rural non-agricultural sectors is also an important option to rural labor force, and is an important part of china's new rural development. Design and implementation of rural labor transfer policies, should be not only conducive to China's agricultural modernization, the modern rural transformation, urbanization and other modern construction, but should fully meet the rural labor force. Ultimately, this paper starts from the present status and prospect of Chinese transformation, analyzes the medium to long-term tendency of the transfer of rural labor in China, and provides the periodic judgment to the transfer of rural labor in China at this stage. Then, it analyzes the significant changes in the transfer of rural labor, and puts forward the essential prospect of the transfer of rural labor. This paper thinks, the economic and social transformation has entered into the critical period, which is the main reason for the new stage's entering of the transfer of rural labor. "Labor Shortage" comprehensively involves the current Chinese institutional flaws, low population quality, structural adjustment of Chinese region industry and the other multiple causes. Therefore, the institutional transformation and reconstruction will be the basic components of the transfer of rural labor policy. At the same time, on the basis of the three paths for the transfer of rural labor, this paper brings forward three political systems for the transfer of rural labor in China. In this paper, modern agriculture, urban economy, non-agricultural industries in rural areas together constitute the basic path for the transfer of rural labor. When the government designs and implements the political system for the transfer of rural labor, the three paths should be mutual complement and mutual promoting, which is the necessary choice for reducing the difficulties in the transformation. In the meantime, the three political systems of the government should finally be implemented under the same system framework. Building the consistent institutional system for all citizens is the fundamental premise for realizing the transformation. The original policies system of the rural labor force may be not changed instantaneously, this paper thinks that the current government should have long-term planning, design the new policy system of rural labor step by step, build a virtuous interaction mechanisms between transformation and transfer of rural labor, to promote China's reform process substantially.Transformation is the basic course of the modernization in one country or region. Transformation in earlier stage and late-mid period will present different characteristics. Success in the earlier stage of transformation cannot be reproduced, which indeed will come into path dependency and lock-in effect, forming the basic obstacles for transformation in the later period. In the late-mid period of transformation, the transfer of rural labor in China will be the important breakthrough for eradicating the path dependency. Setting up the integrative institutional framework will be the important choice for solving problems in transformation, which is also the inevitable choice for realizing the ultimate transfer of rural labor. Hence, currently Chinese government needs to amend the institutional system more, forming the unified fundamental institutional framework system throughout the country to cope with various social challenges produced by the transfer of labor force especially rural labor.