A Study On The Chinese Vegetable Exports To Japan Based On The Positive List System

Since the 1990s, our country' vegetables trade has developed rapidly. According to the data from UNComtrade, the Chinese vegetables' export value in 2009 amounted to 4.85 billion dollars, approximately occupied 12.52% of the world vegetables export amount, and China is second big vegetables export country in the world. After China joining WTO, the vegetables industry is one of the few superior industries of the Chinese exporting agricultural products. However, along with our country's vegetables export scale's unceasing expansion, the Technical Barriers To Trade (TBT) has already become one of the important trade barriers to the development of our country's vegetables trade. Specially on May 29,2006, Japan-our country's main vegetables importing country implemented the "Positve List System", which has a serious influence on our country's vegetables, especially the primary processed vegetable products. The export volume of vegetables in 2006 from China to Japan was 1.69 million tons, presenting a negative growth for the first time. Therefore, studying on the "Positve List System" and its profound influence thoroughly and seeking for the counter measures is a research subject needed to be solved urgently.Based on the combination of the theory and practice, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, this research analyzes and studies the influence of Japanese "Positve List System" on vegetable export from China to Japan deeply and systematically. The paper carries on a theoretical analysis on the "Positve List System" from the theoretical angle, and discuss mechanism of the "Positve List System" to the Sino-Japanese vegetables trade; It then carries on a quantitative analysis of influence of the "Positve List System" on vegetable export from China to Japan from the empirical angle. And then it analyzes the root, seeks for the counter measures,and puts forward the constructive countermeasures and proposals in order to promote the development of our country's vegetable export trade. The concrete logic thinking of the research is as follows:The first part is the research preparation. The corresponding part is the first and the second chapter of the article. The first chapter mainly concludes the research foundation fo the paper, including reviewing and appraising the domestic and foreign research situation as well as proposing this paper's theoretical basis, that are classical trade theory, theory of the Technical Barriers To Trade(TBT), related research of the "Positve List System" and related (?) of Sino-Japanese vegetables product trade. The second chapter firstly summarizes the releasing background, the primary coverage, the specific measures and the main feature of Japanese "Positve List System" which was implemented on May 29,2006, and then points out that Japanese "Positve List System"'s coverage is much broader and its request is also much stricter compared to the system implemented formerly and this new system is one of strictest green standard laws and regulations; and then this chapter introduces the policy background of the "Positve List System"; at last it discusses the theory of the "Positve List System" including the theory of standard deviation, hierarchy of needs theory and the theory of information asymmetry.The second part uses the game theory and economic theory for reference and carries on the analysis on the "Positve List System" from the theoretical level, the corresponding part is the third chapter of the article. This chapter firstly sets up a gambling model of Japanese "Positve List System",and the analysis conclusion is as follows:If Japan establishes the "Positve List System", the responses from the developed country and the developing country are different, the developing country may be unable to eliminate the economic loss brought by the system in a short period; secondly the paper carries on the analysis of the system's mechanism and analysis conclusion shows that, the "Positve List System" has a dual control mechanism of quantity and price. Once after this system implementing, it will hinder the import of corresponding products through the dual control mechanism; Thirdly it analyzes the "Positve List System"'s economic effect on the export country from the aspects of consumer effect, the industrial effect and the welfare effect. Because TBT often has certain time effectiveness, each kind of effect analysis may divide into the short-term situation and the medium and long-term situation, and the twe effects are not the same; at last this chapter from the angle of additional cost and long-term benefits caused by the "Positve List System" and based on the partial equilibrium model, proposes the analysis frame of the exporters' additional cost and long-term benefits caused by the "Positve List System".The third part studys the situation of export competitiveness of Chinese vegetables exports to Japan, the corresponding part is the fourth chapter of the article. This chapter firstly analyzes the overall condition of Chinese vegetables exports to Japan; secondly the chapter carries on the analysis on the change situation of the export volume, export value and terms of trade of Chinese vegetable exports to Japan; thirdly based on the study summary of reckoning method of export competitiveness of Chinese vegetables exports to Japan, it carries on a comparative analysis on the competitive power of Chinese and its main competitors in the Japanese vegetables market, the analysis result shows that:After 2006, besides Holland, the Chinese vegetables' market share in the Japanese market presents a descending tendency compared with its main competitors, which indicates that the Chinese vegetables' competitive power in the Japanese market decreased;at last it carries on an analysis on the export change effect decomposition of Chinese vegetables exports to Japan according to Constant Market Shareanalysis method, including demand effect, structure effect and competitiveness effect; The study of this part has played a foreshadowing role for the following empirical study.The fourth part launches the analysis in view of the influence of the "Positve List System" on vegetables exports from China to Japan, this part is the main body of the paper, and the corresponding part is the fifth chapter of the paper. The analysis result of the first part indicates that after the implementation of the "Positve List System", the risk of Chinese vegetables' export to Japan increases, the export volume continues to slide and the export cost of vegetables enterprises increases, the profit drops. The second part uses three stage least square method through establishing a simultaneous equation model to quantitative analyze the influence of the "Positve List System" on vegetables exports from China to Japan. The conclusion is as follows:(1) looking from the statistical result, the "Positve List System" has a remarkable negative effect on vegetables exports from China to Japan; the implementation of the system is not a simple external variable, but one kind of trade discrimination policy adopted to China when China's economic development level achieves to a certain extent.(2) the "Positve List System" has a short-term effect on the Sino-Japanese vegetables trade, but the long-term influence is not remarkable. In the short-term, the "Positve List System" makes the sharp decrease of vegetables trade volume from China to Japan, but the system will not affect vegetables trade volume in the long time. The last part is the conclution and countermeasures, and the corresponding part is the sixth chapter of the paper. This article proposes policy suggestions to deal with Japanese "Posive List System" from the angle of the government, the trade association, the enterprise and peasant household. From the government aspect:they should improve examination and supervision pattern; strengthen the propaganda and training work for the scientific use of agricultural and veterinary medicine; accelerate promoting the harmless production technology; carry out construction plan of the vegetables export base. From the trade association aspect:they should fully bring their information transmission function into play; enhance the organization degree of vegetable enterprises and strengthen the mutual supervision between trade association members; constitute and popularize the safety production operation manual of export vegetable. From the enterprise and peasant household aspect:elude the system terms in reason; establish export enterprise longitudinal integration management pattern; strengthen the enterprises' self-discipline and criterion of drug application; vigorously develop green organic agriculture.