The Effect Of Industrialization And Urbanization On The Farmland Quality

Industrialization and urbanization is the only way to realize modernization in a country or region, and is the inevitable phenomenon in the economic and social development also. Therefore, its industrialization and urbanization process will unavoidable result in a series of society and economy problems with the changes of economy, society and culture, and land problem is one of the most sensitive and sharp problem, undoubtedly, which not only relates to the farmland conversion, farmland use and farmland protection, but also relates to ecologic safe and social sustainable development. Nowadays, our country is being in the fast stage of industrialization and urbanization, land resource and environment faced heave pressure, with the industrialization level increase progressively and urbanization scale expansionism rapidly. The soil fertility dropping and environmental quality worsening is reported from time to time also. However, the degeneration of farmland quality must bring serious influence for food safety, the trade of agricultural products and ecological safety, and then will maybe the restriction factor of society and economy sustainable development.Since 1980's, the urbanization process have entered a high speed development stage, and its speed have been close to the average level of developing country. The urbanization of our country possibility will complete the fast development stage in 30～40 years, and urbanization ration will reach 70%. Accordingly, in future the urbanization ratio will be about 1 times of annual growth ratio of 1978～1998's. Therefore, the study on the changes of farmland quality is so important.and significant, under the background of fast economy growth and the industrialization and urbanization.In fact, the study of industrialization, urbanization and farmland, mainly resolve two problems which one is how industrialization and urbanization influence the change of farming land quality and why the quality is changes on the way. How to change of farm land quality is the research foundation, however, the farther reasons and mechanism of its changes are more important. Therefore, after the research background, the literature of domestic and international research, research content, theoretical concepts, basic theory are introduced briefly, then, the study fotmded the analyzing framework of the mechanism of farmland quality change under the industrialization and urbanization, and analyzed the frame thoroughly. This analysis frame not only revealed the factors and ways of industrialization and urbanization influencing on farmland quality, but also, it is necessary for the choice of analytical angle, scope and logical structure of next positive studies.Then, the paper taking Jiangyin City and Xishan City. as research sample, and analyze the change rules and characters of farmland that is affected by industrialization and urbanization, with the data of beginning of 1980's and 2000. The chapter is mainly reply how to change of farmland quality by the effected of industrialization and urbanization.After analyzing the affecting mechanism and tendency of farmland quality, the paper take the time and panel data of 61 of Jiangyin and Xishan counties to construct econometrical models, and demonstration the affecting ways and degree of farmland quality changes under industrialization and urbanization affected. This chapter is the answer of why the farmland quality change.Main conclusions are put forward as follows:(1) Farmland quality of study regions have not degenerate seriously under industrialization and urbanization in the short time, however, some soil quality factors degeneration do not allow to overlook as soil available fertility and pH in the long time; the change of soil quality with spatial show that the change of farmland quality is effected by human activities, and the more near the central city, the more degenerate.(2) For essence, industrialization and urbanization affecting on farmland quality are due to the changes of land use behaviors and environment change that are influenced by changes of industry structure, employment structure and farming land conversion, and are the synthesize result that multi-level, multi-factor affected.(3) We can learn that the proportion of industrial output value, non-agriculture employment and farming land conversion are the major factors that influence the changes of farmland quality from the results of the empirical analysis. From the influence ways and degree, the proportion growth of industrial output value influencing on soil acidification is remarkable; the proportion increase of non-agriculture employment has negative affecting on change of farmland quality; the farm land conversion has potential threat to farmland degradation.In the end, based on the above results of the studies, the thesis puts forward some policy suggestions for the farmland quality improving in the future in the process of industrialization and urbanization, including: adjust and optimize industrial structure of enterprises, so can reduce pollution emission; improve the efficiency of constructive land use, so can slow down the pressure of construction occupying on farm land; normalize and perfect farm land transformation system, so can promote the increase of peasant household's putting in the farmland; rely on the public finance, establish economic encourage mechanism of farmland protection, arouse enthusiasm of the farmer household to protect the land;increase scientific and technological application, apply the advanced technique, establishment and perfect the farming inspection system of farmland quality change, and so on.