| Since China entered a new historical era of reform and opening to the outside world at the end of 1970s, Chinese government began to intervene in national economy to accelerate the industrial and economic growth by industrial policies. In the early 1980s, the Chinese economy was characteristic of seller-oriented market, i.e. total demand exceeds total supply, which is a problem in gross measure as well as in structure one. In order to break through the restriction of bottleneck industries for the economy growth, Chinese government increases investments to these industries to promote industrial structure adjustment and economy growth. As a result, seller-oriented market economy was changed to be buyer-oriented market economy, but the unbalanced industrial structure problem still exists at the end of 1980s. From the beginning of 1990s, Chinese government implemented several kinds of industrial policy, including industrial structure policy, industrial organization policy, industrial technical policy, and industrial distribution policy, to develop emerging industries, optimize industrial organization and distribution, raises industrial technical level and competitiveness. What are the effects of these policies? Whether the goals of those policies have been achieved? It is very important for the government and social and economic circles to answer these questions by analyzing and appraising the effects of industrial policies in China.The arguments for and against industrial policy have been made all the time in the worldwide. The economist'viewpoint about necessity of industrial policy have huge difference, but industrial policy was used in practice at different extent all the while. Therefore, studies on the effects of industrial policy have significance not only in theory but also in practice, esp. in China which heavily used industrial policy.The dissertation analyzes and appraises the effects of industrial policy from 1980s to 1990s in China. The relative methods including statistics, the operations research and the econometrics have been employed to evaluate main four effects, such as the effects of resources allocation rationalization, industrial structure upgrade, scale economies and the efficiency improvement, and raising the technical level, innovation ability and competitiveness of the enterprise and industries brought about by implement of the industrial policies. The dissertation concludes that the effects of industrial policy weaker and weaker along with the market economy development deeper and opening to the outside more widely in China. Some proposals to enhance the effects of industrial policy under new economic circumstances in China have been presented in the end of the dissertation based on analysis of the reasons which reduced the effects of industrial policy.There are two key problems to be solved in this dissertation: one is to establish a feasible appraisal system of effects of industrial policy, the other is to demonstrate and evaluate the effects of industrial policies from 1980s to 1990s in China. In this way, it realized unification of theory, method, and empirical evidence, making helpful progress in studies of economic policy esp. industrial policy.The dissertation, except the preface, can be divided four parts, nine chapters; each part focuses on main aspects as follow:The first part including chapter 1 and chapter 2, reviews relative theories of industrial policy and introduces the models and methods for appraisal of industrial policy effects. In chapter 1, the general concept and category of industrial policies have been discussed and concept used in the dissertation has been defined. Therefore, the theoretic foundation of industrial policy appraisal has been established. In chapter 2, the models and methods of appraisal of industrial policy effects have been reviewed and models and methods used in the dissertation have been discussed.The Second part, chapter 3, reviewed the making and implement of industrial policies in 1980s and 1990s in China which is beneficial to better understand industry policies in china. The backgrounds, goals, instruments of industrial policies in the transformation period from a centrally-planned economy into a market economy and the establishment period of market economy have been presented respectively. The third part, consisting of chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 7, and chapter 8, evaluated the effects of industrial policies in China. In chapter 4, the impacts of industrial structure policies on resource mobilization and allocation have been evaluated from structural-droved economic growth perspective. The results show that the total direction of investment in fixed assets in the whole country accord with purpose of industrial policy, which means that the industrial policy can drive resource allocation to objective industries. Farther, the results of resource allocation were not very satisfied because of .the total resources allocation effect was not high enough. In chapter 5,the impacts of industrial policies on industrial structure upgrade have been evaluated by measurable indicator for the optimization of industrial structure. Moreover, the impacts of discriminative industrial policy on output have been measured taking agriculture as the example. In chapter 6, the influences of industrial organization policies on economies of scale and efficiency have been analyzed by the indicators such as industrial concentration degree and the influences on the productive efficiency and performance of 10 objective industries in national economy such as telecommunication industry and electric power industry by Data Envelope Analysis (DEA).In chapter 7, the influence of industrial technology policy on technical progress, innovation ability, transformation ability of scientific and technical achievements, and competitiveness of the objective industry esp. high-tech industry. In chapter 8, the powers of industrial distribution policy on regional economic structure, industry cluster have been evaluated.The fourth part is chapter 9. In this end chapter, some proposals to enhance the effects of industrial policy under new economic circumstances in China have been presented based on the third part analysis of the reasons which reduced the effects of industrial policy in China.There are three academic contributions to academic studies on economic policy esp. industrial policy in this dissertation. Firstly, a feasible system for evaluating the effects of industrial policy has been established and used to evaluate industrial policy effects in China. Secondly, the effects of industrial policies from 1980s to 1990s in China have been demonstrated and evaluated based on empirical evidence. The effects of industrial policy have been divided resources allocation effect, the structure optimization effect, the economies of scale and the technical efficiency effect, the innovation ability and competitiveness effect as well as the regional resources allocation effect, total effects on industrial policies have been obtained based on evaluation these each effect. In this way, the research conclusions may be more reliable. Thirdly, many new methods including VAR, Cointegration, and Data Envelope Analysis (EDA) ware used in analysis and appraisal industrial policy effects.
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