A Study On The Farmers' Will And Behavior Of Farmland Circulation

In the current critical stage of reform and opening-up of China, the issue of how to further deepen the rural reform----the forerunner of China's reform, concerns the welfare of 900 million farmers, the realization of the great goal of the overall construction of well-off society, and the development of the socialism with Chinese characteristics.Three Agriculture Problems (agriculture, countryside and farmers) remain the social, political and economic problems concerning the overall development of China. Now China is in a new stage of developing a well-off society in an all-round way and under a new development pattern of"industry nurturing agriculture, cities supporting the countryside"and at a critical point of focusing on solving the three agriculture problems. Therefore it is the unavoidable historic duty of the theoretical pioneers of the construction of socialist new countryside to define the most basic problem in all kinds of complicated problems by clarifying the theory, evaluating the practice, foreseeing the developing trend and exploring the reform strategies so as to enhance the innovation of theory and to deepen the rural reform.The land issue is the most basic one of the three agriculture problems in China and the land system is the most basic one in China's countryside. The system of the unified and decentralized management on the basis of Household's Contract Management is the foundation of basic rural economic system in China. The simultaneous emergence of the circulation of farmland makes up for the deficiency of this system and this phenomenon is inevitable and increasingly forms the sign of the second leap of rural reform. In this paper, the author uses the combination of standard analysis with empirical analysis, qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis as well as micro-analysis with macro-analysis to analyze the will and behavior of farmers in the farmland circulation so as to seek the micro motive of such circulation and the reasonable way in its implementation by taking farmers as the main beneficiary and by using individual rural household as the basic unit.This paper can be divided into five parts: 1, the theoretical basis containing the first two chapters. It offers necessary concepts, hypothesis, approaches and theoretical preparation for the paper. The author makes an induction of Marxist Theory of Property Rights, Western Theory of Property Rights and their history as well as the theory of scale economy and behavioral economics, at the same time gives an evaluation about the hypothesis of both Chinese and western scholars towards farmer by using Marxist basic viewpoints and methods. 2. In the next two chapters, the author analyzes the systematic background and economic environment of the will and behavior in farmland circulation and unfolds the causes of such circulation. 3. The third part is the fifth chapter. The author analyzes the current situation and major existing problems in the circulation from three different layers of Nanchong City, Sichuan Province and China. 4. The fourth part is the empirical one including Chapter 6,7and 8. The author takes Nanchong of Sichuan as a sample to carry out analysis on the will and behavior of farmers in farmland circulation and to make quantitative forecasting by setting hypothesis under different targets. 5. In the last chapter, the author illustrates the basic principles the farmers should adhere to during this process and proposes some corresponding strategies to enhance the will and behavior of farmers in farmland circulation.The creativeness of this paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects:1. Research perspective. The author gives a micro-analysis of the will and behavior of farmers in farmland circulation focusing on farmers----the main beneficiary of the farmland circulation. This is the creativeness of perspective. By doing so, the research will be more reasonable and practical.2. Research approaches. Because farmers are the main beneficiary in the process of the farmland circulation and management, their will and behavior exert a profound impact on the scale, mechanism and mode of circulation. The author made strenuous effort on the empirical research by using Nanchong City of Sichuan Province as a sample. The research covers an area of nine counties, twenty-seven towns, fifty-four villages, which include five hundred and forty rural households. On the basis of available concrete statistics, by analyzing the will and behavior of farmers in farmland, the author tries to find out the specific and true motivation of such circulation. This makes the conclusion of the research more reliable.3. Model construction. According to Swinnen and Vranken(2003), the author forms the model of farmland circulation in order to further understand the mechanism of the emergence of this circulation and reaches the conclusion that under different conditions, while they try to maximize their profits, the farmers can choose to transfer the right of management of their lands or maintain the scale of their management and that this behavior is checked by the marginal productivity, rent of land, transaction cost in the market of land leasing, the market of rural labor and the rural credit market. Then the author adopts Logit Model to analyze the factors that influence the will of farmland transfer by analyzing the relationship between farmers'will of farmland circulation and farmers'resource endowment, farmers'income structure, farmers'population structure, individual characters of household heads, the usage of land, social security, land transaction cost and so on.4. Quantitative forecasting. The author gives a quantitative forecasting on farmland circulation in different phases by setting several hypothesis of the circulation so as to embody the prospectiveness of farmland circulation.