The Behavior Study Of Farmland Circulation Among Farmers、Village Committee And Government

As the necessary conditions of the land demand of overall urban-rural plan and the development of urbanization and industrialization, the farmland circulation is the premise for farmers to transform the land security into value security and ensuring the farmers’ interests and social stability in rural area. The land circulation system in our country has entered into legal norm stage, but it also has some problems in practice. The real land circulation is not only a kind of pure market behavior, but also be embedded into the special relationship among country, collective and farmers. In the state of strained relations between people and land, the "collective", as the owner of rural land, has the right to put the farmers’contracted land to their own use just as village committee and country. The farmers can not really dominate the process of farmland circulation and gain sufficient interests under such kind of relationship among country, collective and famers. This is a deep-seated problem for farmland circulation to combine interest demand of farmers with village committee and country under the premise of ensuring the rights and interests of farmers.Up to now, the researches associated with farmland circulation mainly focused on the current situation and influence factors of land circulation, their rules and laws and market mechanism. According to the literature review, it is found that very few scholars have engaged in the studying the farmland circulation based on the combination of farmers, village committee and country. This dissertation will make an empirical investigation of status quo of farmland circulation in Xiangyang city to explore the mechanism of behavior in farmers, village committee and country as well as to analyze their gambling relationship. Simultaneously, it also put forward that it will be useful to effectively combine the behavior of farmers with village committee and country and establish common interests driving mechanism to protect the right of farmers arid realize the effective implementing of farmland circulation.This dissertation first built the theoretical framework of behavior analysis of interest-related parts in the process of land circulation in order to provide necessary logical structure for the following theoretical extraction and empirical analysis. It also analyzed the current situation of farmland circulation in our country and concluded five features: firstly, it has large-scale and accelerated development speed but the overall size was still in a low level; secondly, the differences between circulation areas were significant; thirdly, there were diversified forms of land circulation; fourthly, the proportion of new agriculture business entity has increased; fifthly, the period of large-scale farmland circulation has extended but the period of subcontracting among farmers was short; sixthly, the market of farmland circulation has taken shape initially. Then, this dissertation has further discussed some problems existed in the process of land circulation, such as the low degree of formalization of circulation behavior, imperfect arbitral institution, prominent non-food tendency in farmland circulation and low degree of marketization.On the basis of the in-depth investigation of current situation and development characters of farmland circulation, this dissertation focus on the behaviors among farmers, village committee and government combined with ordinary theoretical analysis framework. It surveyed312households in Fancheng district, LaoHekou city and Gucheng County and obtained useful information and data. This dissertation explored the mechanism of behavior in farmers, village committee and country and analyzed their gambling relationship. In term of farmers, it used Logistic regression equation to analyze the farmland circulation from the aspects of personal features, family status and external institutional environment. In term of village committee, it analyzed and concluded the function of village committee in the process of farmland circulation, their behavior choices, problems and restriction factors and current situation. In term of government, this dissertation demonstrated the necessity of government’s participation in farmland circulation and their behavior choices. This dissertation discussed the behavior features of farmers, village committee and government in farmland circulation and their differences as well as to analyze their gambling relationships.The research result shows that:Firstly, the behavior for farmers engaged in the farmland circulation is basically a kind of restricted rational behavior. Under different background, the farmers’behaviors are disparate which will be influenced by family income and source, farmland area, contract period of farmland, the age of householder and careers. Their behaviors always seek to maximize the benefits in the condition of risk minimization.Secondly, under the situation of dispersive householders, imperfect farmland circulation market and blocking working capital flow channel, the operation of farmland circulation needs the engagement and participation of village committee to provide help for agriculture development. However, our country’s village committee is lack of relative fair and well-organized development space. There are many problems the village committee faced, such as intensive administrative function, ambiguous economic functions, incapable cadre and self-government capacity. So how to establish a healthy external environment for the development of village committee to play a part in the process of farmland circulation will become a serious question. Thirdly, the optimization of government behavior is an inevitably method for realizing farmland circulation. In the real situation, the "rational choice" based on cost-benefit may lead the government behavior to miss the target of public interest and cause government failure. Hence, it will be useful to change the utility function and incentive mechanism of local government from source system and rationally define the border of government behavior. This way could help local government to avoid failure and become the representative of public interest.Fourthly, the implementation of farmland circulation involved central and local government, village committee and householders. In market economy, the interest body, as rational investor, will make a comparison among different interest appeals and make a behavior choice. In the process of farmland circulation, the central government wants to obtain the realization of ecological objectives with small financial expenditure by the implementation of farmland circulation. While the local government hopes that the central government could reduce the agricultural taxes and improve the standard of subsidy. And the village committee seeks the maximize profit of social and economy interest as well as the farmers pursue the maximize profit and its sustainable development. So, the key factor of farmland circulation is to have a correct understanding of the gambling relationship among farmers, village committee and government and to make an adjustment in order to realize the target of farmland circulation and development strategy.Fifthly, according to the problems and insufficient existing in our country’s farmland circulation, this dissertation put forward some feasible and operable suggestions for perfecting the farmland circulation, which is to build common interest driven system, cultivate new relations of interest bodies and ensure farmers’rights.There are several innovation points in this dissertation:Firstly, many scholars mainly focused on the behavior situation and influence factors of farmland circulation while seldom people want to study the behavior and appeal of relative interest bodies. This dissertation based on micro-level to explore each interest bodies’behavior choices and has its own innovations in study perspective. Secondly, this dissertation combined the mathematical statistics method and gambling analysis method to analyze the interest bodies in farmland circulation. It also discussed the behavior choices of each body and used gambling theory to study their relationships. It has an innovation point in research method.