CPC’s Understandingsabout Socialism Issues During China-Soviet Debate

The debate between China and Soviet in the 1950s and 1960s was a remarkable event in the history of Sino-Soviet relations, international communist movements, and international politics. It influences not only the development of international communist movement deeply, but also the development process of the contemporary Chinese history and even the realignment of world politics. Many researchers at home and abroad conducted many surveys about the heated debate between China and Soviet and obtained many scientific achievements, however, most of them were devoted to the research on the historical event itself and none has conducted a special and systematic research on the CPC’s (the Communist Party of China) understanding of socialism in that debate period. Essentially, the debate is one about what Marxism is and what Socialism is between the Chinese and Soviet communist parties. The debate promoted the CPC’s exploring the road of building Socialism in China represented by Mao Zedong, but it also had a severe interfering and destructive effect. It produced correct theories, but it also got mired into a theory of errors, made mistakes and suffered serious setbacks and failures.The paper analyzed the reasons for the Sino-Soviet debate with the changes of world structure as the historical background, and elaborated on the development, expansion and intensifying of the two parties’disagreement with the Soviet 20th Congress as the starting point, and foreshadowed the topic of this dissertation. Because the ultimate goal of the paper is not a historical survey of the debate, but a political analysis based on relevant historical research achievements. Its main purpose was to look on the exploration and reflection of the CPC on the question of socialist construction as a constantly developing and changing historical process, thus takes the debate period as a stage and part of such a hard and complicated historical process, and conducted a comprehensive and deep analysis of the CPC’s understanding of the road of socialism, class struggle, the dictatorship of the proletariat, economy and economic construction, the ruling party issues, and the“two systems”relationship in the debate period. On this basis and from the new perspectives of the 21th century, the paper examined and reflected again on the CPC’s exploration and reflection on socialist construction issues in that period, got a more comprehensive and deeper understanding through a contrastive analysis of the two communist parties’understanding and opinions, and attempted to reevaluate and understand the CPC’s experience and lessons about the socialist issues at that time from the perspectives of history, politics and even China’s socialist construction and international communist movement.Chapter One The causes and development of The Sino-Soviet Debate. This Chapter mainly analyzes the causes of the Sino-Soviet Debate with the change of world pattern after World War Two as the historical background of Sino Soviet debate. And intends to TNCCPSU as the breakthrough point, the two parties in the debate differences, expand development, intensification and Relations between the two parties were combing the interruption, as the theme of the thesis of the bedding.Chapter Two The CPC’s understanding on the issues about socialism transition during the debate period. Khrushchev affirmed the possibility of the peaceful transition, Capitalist countries of the Communist and workers’ parties to use peaceful means to seize power. Through the parliament Road, realize the peaceful transfer of power. The Communist Party of China think, don’t put too much emphasis on a peaceful transition, Obtained a parliamentary majority is not equal to the change in the state machine,“Admit violent revolution is the universal law of proletarian revolution”,“All through the ages is the Marx doctrine with all opportunistic, revisionist watershed.”Chapter Three The CPC’s understanding on socialism class struggle and the dictatorship of the proletariat during the debate period. With the escalating, The two parties disagreement and debate directly interferes with Mao Zedong on domestic situation judgment, Gradually formed on the socialism theory of class struggle. The Communist Party of China think, Soviet presence "hostile classes", the Soviet Union had "restoration of capitalism", The Communist Party of the Soviet Union does not speak the class struggle, not to speak of class analysis, The key is to oppose the proletarian revolution and the dictatorship of the proletariat.Chapter Four The CPC’s Understanding on socialism economy and its construction issues. The Communist Party of China think, public ownership of the means of production of socialist society is the most basic features, This characteristic decided to other characters; Socialist ownership should be pure, There should be only collective system of ownership and system of ownership of the whole people, allow private ownership of ingredients in. And on the basis of national economic construction experience, Analysis of Yugoslavia City, rural capitalism, "the restoration of capitalism in Yugoslavia judge ",Suggestive of the leader is to embark on such a "degenerate Road".Chapter Five The CPC’s understanding on ruling party and the construction of it in socialism countries during the debate period. The two parties in the debate surrounding the ruling Communist Party in socialist countries and the nature of leadership issues、a revisionist party, and the ruling Communist Party in socialist countries and other countries in the relationship between the ruling party a heated debate. The Communist Party of China rejected the "Party of the whole people" ,Khrushchev established a "privileged stratum of bourgeois dictatorship". And put forward in the socialist camp inter-party relations principles and principles of international relations.Chapter Six The CPC’s understanding on the "two systems" . The Communist Party of the Soviet Union to peaceful coexistence as the Soviet Union’s foreign policy chief route. The Communist Party of China think, Lenin and Stalin’s policy of peaceful coexistence and Khrushchev’s "peaceful coexistence" are the two fundamentally opposed to the policy of peaceful coexistence, a critique of Khrushchev’s "peaceful coexistence" with pacifism to replace the world proletarian revolution From proletarian internationalism.Chapter seven Historical evaluation on the CPC’s understanding on socialism issues during the debate period. The ten years’ period of Mao Zedong led the Chinese people "with Su Weijian", Devote oneself to to develop in line with China’s national conditions of socialist development road, has put forward many creative and pioneering spirit of the thoughts and ideas. At the same time, the debate has serious interference and hindered the Chinese socialist construction history. The Sino-Soviet debate to the Soviet Union and the international communist movement has brought profound lessons.