Study Of Contemporary Chinese Administrative Decision-making Mechanism

National construction is always the core and the most importantpolitical theme, the construction of national institution is theinstitutional foundation and the important prerequisite of thenation-building. The system and the mechanism of decision-making is oneof the major themes of the national institution construction, from theview of the power belonging, it is the core theme. If China wants to achievemodernization successfully, the decision-making system of the party andthe nation also needs to realize modernization, the decision systemmodernization needs reforming in the direction of scientification,democratization and the rule of law. Some elements of science, democracyand the rule of law have been integrated into the decision-making systemin China, but its institution construction is not yet mature. Thecountry’s decision-making system and mechanism is an important factor ofthe rise and fall of the country, the administrative decision-makingmechanism is an important part of the country’s decision-making mechanism,the decision-making mechanism of the party and the state can get someexperience through the improvement and optimization of the administrativedecision-making mechanism.From the historical view, each rise and fall of a dynasty in theancient China, was a regime replacing another regime on the surface, butthere were countless wars, ruthless, bloodiness and helpless. Althoughthere are many victories of peasant wars, these victories are built onthe basis of the people’s suffering and sacrifice. In contrast, peoplenow in a peaceful and stable environment are lucky, how to keep theluckiness, or how to avoid unnecessary turmoil and sacrifice, we shouldthink about how to jump out of the periodic law of history. The economicbasis determines superstructure, but as a superstructure, the politicalpower system always reacts on the economic basis, and dominates thedirection of the economy in many special periods. The core of the politicalpower system is the actual attribution and the use of the decision-makingpower, the research of the decision-making system and mechanism is important to maintain a peaceful and stable environment and situation.This dissertation has the following questions: under the samepolitical and administrative system, some administrative decisions arevery successful, and some administrative decisions have huge mistakes,why? What are the factors causing the decision-making mistakes in theadministrative decision-making mechanism? How to optimize theadministrative decision-making mechanism? How to understand the periodiclaw of history from the perspective of decision? The optimization ofadministrative decision mechanism and the understanding of the periodiclaw of history are complementary, the optimization of administrativedecision mechanism is the main content, but as the author’s value, thisdissertation wants to study stability of the country, then take theoptimization of administrative decision mechanism as a breakthroughpoint.According to these questions, the dissertation has the followingresearch goals and research content: according to the status, problemsand reasons of contemporary Chinese administrative decision-makingmechanism, proposing the direction and path of optimization. Combing therole of administrative decision-making mechanism in the rise and fall ofthe historical dynasties briefly. Analyzing the pros and cons of foreignadministrative decision-making mechanism, finding out the enlightenmentto our country; According to the role of administrative decision-makingmechanism in the development of the country, reflecting the currentsituation of national decision-making mechanism, hoping to find out a wayto escape from the " the periodic law of history " from the angle of thedecision-making power-public power-the system design.This dissertation gets the following conclusions by using comparativeanalysis method, case study analysis method, the new institutionalismanalysis method, system analysis method: the optimization ofadministrative decision mechanism in contemporary China needs realizingthe goal of scientification, democratization and the rule of law throughbenign interaction of decision-making concept, decision institution,decision-making behavior. From the view of the effectiveness of decision-making, the final purpose of administrative decision is toachieve the fundamental interests of most people under the combinativeprinciple of "for the people, and the people, let the people". In thefactors of effective decisions, conforming to the objective law andconforming to the fundamental interests of most people complement eachother. Just from the view of the decision making process, scientificationof decision-making conforms to the objective law, democratization ofdecision-making conforms to the fundamental interests of most people, thedecisions under the rule of law is legal protection of the effectivedecision-making.Realizing scientification, democratization, the rule of law ofadministrative decision-making mechanism needs the relevantdecision-making subjects to establish scientific concept, democraticconcept and the concept of the rule of law; From the aspect of decisioninstitution, it needs optimizing the institution of decision powerdistribution, the institution of decision execution, the institution ofdecision information, the institution of decision investigation, theinstitution of decision expert assessment, the institution of decisionevaluation, the institution of collective decision-making, theinstitution of decision consultation, the open institution ofdecision-making, the hearing institution of decision-making, the socialinterest expressing institution of decision-making, the institution ofdecision supervision, the institution of decision accountability, theinstitution of decision feedback, the institution of decision relief.From the aspect of decision behavior, it is necessary to improve thecapacity and quality of the various administrative decision-makingsubjects, adopt scientific and rational methods and means, regulate allkinds of administrative decision-making behavior through theinstitutionalization and the rule of law of administrativedecision-making process.From the political view, in order to let people live in peace andharmony for a long time,it needs to promote the dynamic balance andstability of the political system.In order to escape from the periodic law of history, it needs supervision and regulation of the public powerunder scientific allocation. This doesn’t just need democracy, doesn’tjust need the rule of law, it needs the democracy under the protectionof the rule of law. It not only requires the improvement of the system,also needs the guidance of effective concept, needs comprehensive openof information, policies, rules and institutions.It needs deepening thegovernance concept by constitution and cultivating the rational cultureof the state and the nation. It needs constantly improving all kinds ofinstitutions under the principle of science, democracy, the rule of law.It needs continuously improving the quality of all levels of the partyand government decision-makers. It needs continuing to improve the marketeconomy and foster civil society. No matter what form it is, Chinese futuremodernization，democratization and the rule of law should have the spiritof rationality, people-oriented, open, competition, participation,justice and tolerance. In real decision-making practice, theglobalization trend, the network politics and the civil culture which areresulted from electronic government affairs, the information society andthe internet technology, will speed up the reform of Chinese politicalsystem and decision-making mechanism,through the aspects of "rationalparticipation and consultation","power supervision and restraint" and"improve the self-correcting ability of various institutions ".