Citizenship And Equality Of Old-age Security

Danwei system is the socialism China in the period of planned economy, a kind ofspecial social redistribution of resources system, the Danwei system period, the members ofthe society’s basic identity is divided into cadres, workers and peasants. In between these threedifferent identity groups form identity segregation, their retirement safeguard for differentidentity shows obvious inequality, old-age security cadres and workers as the Danwei ofpeople enjoy the national financial security, this is actually a kind of national security. Whilethe peasants had been excluded from the state pension system, countries do not bear anyresponsibility for their financial. State of the Danwei and obligations as non Danweis of thefarmers in the old-age security in the serious imbalance; in addition, in Danweis of time, theadministrative power is the core of the formation of the pattern of difference sequence is thebasis of the redistribution of social resources, the cadre holds the key organizational resourcesand social resources, which has administrative power than the working people, social statusthan workers high, so enjoy the old-age security status is also a worker can not match, theseare obviously not equal. These inequalities are in Danweis of time, segmentation and people’sdiscourse status of social members strong caused loss of citizenship and cause. Contemporarycitizenship towards equality in essence, it is the social member Danwei of time due to lack ofcitizenship and that they cannot receive equal treatment in the old-age security.After entering the post Danwei times, old-age security of citizens become to affect asensitive nerve of social all circles, this is mainly due to the old-age security of inequality.The old-age security in the change process of the unit system of path dependence exists,organs and institutions of staff pension has not been incorporated into the "social insurancelaw", still implementing the Danwei Times financial allocation by the state unit security,rather than the institution staff pension applicable is "social insurance law" in the socialendowment insurance. In comparison, the basic old-age insurance unit security and "socialinsurance law" not only in the level of protection in a huge difference, but also have thedifference in the security properties of security, in the unit, the national funding form forpersonnel at institutions endowment full responsibility, it is the essence of national security; inthe social endowment insurance in the country, it only takes the financial subsidies and fiscaltransparency, responsibility, social endowment insurance reflects between individual andsocial mutual aid, it is essentially a social security. In this two kinds of old-age securitysystem, take the national fiscal responsibility is seriously unbalanced, two track pensionwhich is now highly social criticism ". In the post Danwei times, in addition to the institutions still follow the unit state pensionsystem period, the levels of other members of society such as migrant workers, enterprisesand urban and rural residents, these three kinds of social groups in their pension equal degreeand citizenship, when the state of the urban and rural residents and migrant workers graduallyregarded as citizens, to attach importance to the old-age security, and legal system guarantee.In addition, in the post Danwei times, first in order to cope with the reform of state-ownedenterprises, the national political utilitarian considerations rather than employees instate-owned enterprises the implementation of old-age security, rather than large state-ownedenterprises employees, as does not have the workers’ status were excluded from the pensionsystem, with the enhancement of the non state-owned enterprises staff citizenship demands inthe security field, the government began to pay attention to their retirement safeguard. Visible,the realization of citizen status depends largely reflects the country is how to treat themembers of society, to look at the social members from the citizen’s point of view, then thecountry will be in the security field within each member of society into the old-age securitysystem, the implementation of equal treatment. Otherwise, it will cause the social members inthe security aspects of inequality.Both institutions personnel or non organs and institutions of staff, face the nation, theyhave a common identity--citizenship, as citizens of the country, the state should equal care ofevery citizen, bear equal responsibility, this is a legitimate government shall have theobligation to. The state should not be the exclusive part in the old-age security system,another part was incorporated into the social security system, or put a few members of thecommunity and the other members of the society to be in the old-age security systemunreasonable differential treatment, these are not equality of old-age security.The core of modern citizenship is the rights of citizens (civil rights, political rights andsocial rights). Chinese society in the development process of units in the unit time, causecitizen pension inequality still in post Danwei times different residues, have deep influence onthe post Danwei times citizen pension equal realization. Therefore, in the post Danwei times,citizenship of rights of the three development presents the serious disequilibrium. Comparisonand Danwei times, although the civil rights and political rights have a considerable degree ofprogress, however, the social rights of citizens are still ignored the situation, social securityright belongs to the social rights of citizens, with the gradual implementation of citizenship,old-age security citizens got national equality.Citizenship means the relationship of rights and obligations between the citizen and thestate, in particular to the citizen’s rights and the obligations of the state. So, not only have theright of every citizen to obtain the state pension system coverage, and every citizen has a rightto the old-age security system China home equal treatment. In the field of old-age security inpresent, citizenship is the realization of citizen pension premise of equality, so we need to construct the citizenship, the principle of integration of citizen identity construction ofuniversal principles to be followed in pension rights and pension security system. Only in thisway, the citizens of old-age security system and the guarantee of equality.Of course, the citizen pension equality does not mean and no difference, we should set abaseline equality. This "Baseline Equality" embodied in the country to provide the"minimum" living conditions for old-age security of every citizen. This is based on theequality of citizenship. On the basis of the equality, because security differences differencesarising from personal ability is ability not equal results, has nothing to do with the "BaselineEquality".