Land-based Training Of Speed Skating In Theory And Practice Means

Speed skating is one of the oldest winter sports that carried out first and has a long history in China as well as it is one of the important national Olympic sports projects. Its competitive level is an important symbol to measure the level of the country’s winter sports projects. The speed skating has gained the excellent results in the historical progress in China. We broke the world records and gained many Winter Olympic silver medal. Especially we had the group advantage in some individual projects. But in recent years, compared with the short track speed skating’s excellent achievements that take on the whole Winter Olympic gold medals and good tendency, the speed skating is short of developing , talents and potential. And the gap between we and the speed skating powerful country is bigger and bigger. The Chinese speed skating fall behind the other countries in recent years.With the research on speed skating training theories and practice deepening, the speed skating level becomes higher and the race is more competitive, so the need to improve the overall ability of speed skaters is increasingly prominent, to which sports training on ice alone can not be helpful enough. Under this circumstance, land based training is gaining a more and more significant role, and advanced training theories in present time attach great importance to it. But it is also one of the most defective aspects in the theories. To explore better land training theories and methods and to find the best ones, to make it more scientific, more clear, more systematic and more efficient, has become the urgent issue and a sought-after goal.The main points of this paper include a review of development process of speed skating sports, the development of its skills and achievements within the decade; Marxism epistemology ,athletic training theories、skills and physical training theories are all used here; It also has the probe into basic theoretical problems on speed skating land- based training like theoretical aims, principles ,systems and the features. Fifty-two land-based training methods are selected and identified. And each of them is named and defined in a scientific way. The movement knack is described. This training methods’structure is analyzed and revealed.Besides, this paper covers the analysis of the load characteristics of energy projects skaters in land-based training, and the characteristics of the annual training cycle.In this thesis, the major research methods are: documentation method, Delphi technique, questionnaire and the mathematical statistics, designated shooting method, mathematical statistics and logical analysis. The major research conclusions are:First, the speed skating land supplementary training theory is focus on the speed skating characteristics. It uses many collaboration training methods to improve the athlete’s skating skill and solidify and strength the the athletes competitive ability.Second, the speed skating land supplementary training theory’s characteristic is: Its theoretical target is that research the speed skating land supplementary training rules and how to organize the speed skating land supplementary training acts efficiently. Its principles are: the principle of combining the need with the development; the principle of the technique induction and control efficiently; the principle of systemic training and periodic arrangement; the principle of fundamental training and distinctive treatment; the principle of proper load and timely recovery. It is the basic characteristic that assistance, practice and integration.Third, through the questionnaire survey and expert advice, we choose and ensure the 52 fundamental training methods of speed skating land supplementary training. And according to the definition and each method’s characteristics, we denominate and explain the 52 methods separately and scientifically.Four,six different land-based training blocks are constructed according to the different characteristics and objectives of the methods for speed skating training. And for each of them, there is an intensive study and research on the functions and features.Five, experts advice and many surveys show that annual training of modern speed skating include rest period, adjustment period, preparing period pre-competition period and competition period. Land-based training, which complements training on ice, is necessary for every period.Six, in the annual land-based training of speed skating energy projects, the methods and contents are arranged according to leading ability.The load has stage features, and different aims require different methods.Only suitable land-based training does good to skaters’overall ability and can enhance ice sports performance.