Research On The Problem About Sharing Of Educational Resources In Colleges And Universities

Sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities is the important path selection of the development of higher education. It is needed for sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities, and it is also achievable, and it is being or has been partially achieved. The sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities refers to the sharing, enjoying or using the educational resources existing in the colleges and universities in varying degrees for the different subjects. It includes the sharing of material resources, the sharing of human resources, the sharing of information resources, the sharing of curriculum resources, the sharing of brand resources and the sharing of management system resources, etc. The sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities includes both the sharing of educational resources inside the colleges and the sharing inter-college. The former is relatively rather common, such as the behavior of making together use of the libraries, sports grounds, logistics service facilities for all the departments in college. The latter encounters many obstacles in practice, so it has higher research value. Therefore, this study mainly addresses the issue of the inter-college sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities.This dissertation is composed of eight segments:The introduction part, author describs the reason of choose the theme, the background of problem posing and significance of research, and introduces the research thinking and approach of this dissertation, and reveals the problems of research about the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities at home and abroad through carding the domestic and foreign relative research results, in order to lay the foundation for future research.The first chapter, author sketchs the main points of the system theory, new institutional economics theory, governance theory and borderless higher education theory, etc, and provides the theoretical reference value and guidance for this research.The second chapter, author discusses the basic theoretical issues about the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities. For example, author redefines the relative concepts about the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities, and analyses the possibility of the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities, and analyses the subjects, objects and environments about the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities by the analytical method of system theory. The subjects are the carriers for construction in common, cooperation and sharing for the educational resources in colleges and universities. These carriers can be both organizations, such as colleges, universities, and the functional departments within colleges and universities, etc, and can also be people as individuals, such as students, teachers, etc. The objects refer to the collection of all the resources existing in colleges and universities can be used to share. The objects mainly include the material resources, human resources, information resources, curriculum resources, brand resources and management system resources in colleges and universities. In this part, author analyses the environmental conditions of internal strengths, internal weaknesses, external opportunities and external threats for the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities in our country by using the method of SWOT analysis, and lays the foundations to promote the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities.In this part, author also discusses the connotation and power sources of sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities, and points out that the contradiction between the limitations of supply for the colleges and universities educational resources and the increasing demands for higher education to people is the fundamental driving force to promote the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities. The power sources of sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities there are mainly two aspects:internal power and external power. The internal powers mainly include the needs of subjects, the attraction of benefits and institutional innovation, and the external powers mainly include the promotion of the globalization, the needs of society, the promotion of the government and the support of technology, etc. The achievement of the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities is the function of join forces, and it is the result of common influence about the various force elements.At last, author proposes the principles should be followed of the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities, there are mainly five principles:the principle of replacement equivalence; the principle of complementarity; the principle of neighborhood; the principle of compensation; the principle of student-based. In practice, these principles cooperate with each other and act together.The third chapter, author describes the development process of relevant policy about the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities since the founding of China, and points out the policy development of sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities has been experienced three phases:the phase of negative option, the phase of active exploring, the phase of development in an all-around way. Author discovers the developmental characteristics of the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities and the problems existing in the relevant policies currently, in order to provide advices and guidances for the government to make and publish relevant policies, laws and regulations.The fouth chapter, author reveals the current situation of the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities through empirical investigation, and mainly displays in the following aspects:1. Overall, the sharing of educational resources inside the colleges and universities is much more, and the sharing between the colleges and universities is less;2. In the normalization of the sharing, the spontaneous behaviors of individuals are more, and the normative or systematism behaviors are less;3. From the point of view of sharing about teachers and students, the sharing behaviors and opportunities of teachers are more, and students’are relatively few;4. From the point of view of the university level, the sharing between the same level colleges and universities is more, and the sharing between the different levels is less;5. From the point of view of the university types, the sharing between the same type colleges and universities is more, and the sharing between the different types is less;6. From the point of view of sharing degree, the "low-end" sharing between colleges and universities is more, and the "high-end" shanring is less;7. From the point of view of concrete resource elements, the sharing degree of information resources in colleges and universities is higher, and the sharing degree of the material resources, human resources, curriculum resources, is relatively lower, etc.The fifth chapter, author adopts the method of combination of interview and open questionnaire investigation, and explores the deep-seated reasons which restricts the sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities to achieve. The mainly reasons are the following:the ideas obstacles; institutional obstacles; the lack of support from the government; institutional deficiency; the obstacles of education evaluation mechanism; technology limitations; cost obstacles; the lack of effective cases to follow, etc.The sixth chapter, author proposes the several countermeasures to promote the achievement of sharing of educational resources in colleges and universities in our country. The following are the main countermeasures:to change the concepts, and strengthen the cultivation of awareness of sharing of educational resources; to establish the mechanism of market allocation of educational resources under government macro-control; to change the government’s role, and implement and expand the university’s autonomous right; to speed up the "deadministrationization" of the universities, and in order to clear away the management obstacles for sharing; to establish and perfect the mechanism of clarification of property rights about the educational resources in colleges and universities; to further improve the institutional building, and in order to ensure the carrying out smoothly of sharing of educational resources; to improve the evaluation system of higher education, and bring the sharing of educational resources into the evaluation index of higher education; to develop and utilize advanced technology to provide technical support for the sharing of educational resources; to strengthen the regional co-ordination, and take the lead in achieving the regional sharing of educational resources.