| The work value belongs to people’s value system. A person’s work value plays a final decisive role on choosing which industries and even whether engaging in a specific job. The whole process of self-exploration, career understanding and career decision-making, on the other point of view, is the process of clarification, validation, development and stabilization of individual work value. In addition, work value analysis will also be able to test the individual’s suitability and satisfaction of the career he or she chooses, and to a certain extent, to predict the future development in professional world after his or her entry.Based on value philosophy, the work value is according to individual needs, is the overall evaluation and view of career(or work) attributes and view, including both evaluation methods and standards, and personality tendency. The work value is endowed with subjectivity, diversity(variety), stability, phased and plasticity. The basic understanding of the work value’s philosophical connotation and attributes can promote academia’s deep thinking of the concept of work values to a certain extent, and further clearly recognize the philosophical attributes, basic connotation and main characteristics of the work values. Besides, it is also conductive to a unified understanding of the concept of work value, so as to guide normative related researches in the same conceptual system, and to make the internal structure, evaluation and measurement and influential factors of the work value more scientific and unified.The internal structure of the work value refers to its constituent elements and composition. The work value, as the component of the world outlook and outlook on life, from the perspective of value philosophy, reflects the satisfied relationship of career attributes on man’s individual needs. Individual needs and career attributes constitute the internal factors and external factors of the work value. In addition, there are many other factors influencing man’s work value, such as personality, ability, interests and specialty, growing experience, family background, physical condition, environment and so on, which will directly or indirectly affect man’s work value. Generally speaking, the internal factor is the determinant which decides the nature of things and its development and changes. Thus, studying and analyzing the internal structure of work value could concentrate on the main points and reflect its real essence only based on the relationship between man and career attributes, namely that career attributes could satisfy man’s needs and man’s needs could adapt to the career attributes. From the perspective of the philosophical attributes of work value, the structure of man’s individual needs related to career attributes is the internal structure of work value. Based on literature analysis and interviews, making comprehensive references for related scholars and professionals’ research results, combining with the actual situation of the professional world, this paper extracts 48 relevant career attributes. Through analysis and classification of the career attributes, man’s needs related to career attributes can be integrated into four dimensions: safe needs, family needs, development needs and respect needs. The internal structure of work value with four dimensions is not only a combination of man’s material needs and spiritual needs, but also gives attention to the individual pursuit of values and social attribute, so to a certain extent, it has an internal similarity with Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.The work value is the process of matching and coordination between man’s inner needs and social career attributes. Its formation and development is not in a day, in addition to the influences of individual life experience, knowledge structure, ability level and cognitive maturity, it is also restricted and influenced by the external environment and condition. The bases of youths’ work value formation include not only the internal factors as self personality types, career interests, knowledge accumulation, ability and quality and family attachment, but also the objective realistic conditions including social environment, family environment, school education, life experience, accidental events and influences of friends. Social existence determines social consciousness, social consciousness affects social existence. University students’ work values rooted in social existence, it is the specific reflection of different social consciousness, so it inevitably reflects social politics, economy, cultures and education background in specific historical conditions. In the same way, these external factors also affect university students’ work values.In order to study contemporary university students’ work value orientation, based on 48 career attributes, the author made the career attributes importance measurement questionnaire "career attributes attention evaluation sheet". It carried out a questionnaire to part of the university students of 16 colleges and universities in Hebei province. Through the statistical analysis results of university students’ work value orientation, it is basically in line with our overall understanding and evaluation of the present situation of contemporary university students’ work value. It can be said the "career attributes attention evaluation sheet" objectively reflects university students’ work value orientation. Applying it to different subject categories, educational levels, grades and genders of university students, or to more specific scopes of university students groups and individuals, can provide beneficial references for us to understand and grasp specific groups or individuals’ work value orientation from the four dimensions of safe needs, development needs, family needs and respect need. Whether from the distribution status of four dimensions of different types of university students’ work value(AJFZ), or from the analysis of university students’ attention to specific career attributes, though their work values orientation has been formed preliminary, the vast majority of them lacks the exploration and cognition of the professional world in college life, so when they understand and evaluate career attributes, they find it is hard to do it considerately and highlighted as the people who have practical work experience and personal experience in the workplace.The work value plays an important role in university students’ application for a job, it affects the whole process of employment including career orientation, career decision-making, career search behavior and career satisfaction. Facing the complicated and severe employment situation at present, where university students choose to go after graduation are closely related to the national policy, school education, social environment, family influence and many other factors. But in the end, their inner needs of career, namely the work value orientation, is the decision factor. Clarifying the work value orientation, introspecting and making career exploration on the basis of consciously enriching career information, and constantly perfecting and promoting the work value orientation to be mature and stable have important significance for university students to find jobs smoothly after graduation.The professional life is one of the most important life contents for a person. It is not only a means of survival, but also an important way for people to realize their own values. It can be said that the career not only determines people’s material life, but also decides their spiritual life to some extent. The work value not only affects people’s recognition, evaluation and choice of different careers, but also fundamentally affects all aspects of people’s professional life like career adaptation, career development and so on. Therefore, the work value, which runs through people’s entire life, is closely linked to people’s professional life and happiness from the beginning to the end.At current situation, cultivating university students’ scientific and reasonable work values has become the important content of graduate employment guidance work. Thus it is necessary to create a good social atmosphere for the work value education, bringing it into the ideological and political education system, giving full play to the positive impact of family education, and giving play to mass media’s direction of public opinion, especially for contemporary university students’ work values of improving and perfecting themselves. In the career development education and finding employment guidance for university students, we should take a full consideration of their growth stage and their limitations as university students. We should educate and guide them to expand as much as possible to explore the professional world, to widely collect the career information, and to further explore themselves based on full cognition of the professional world, letting them understand their inner needs, and promoting them to cultivate the work value which is not only based on their actual situation but also conforms to social needs. |
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