The Research For Problems And Solutions Of Physical Education Curriculum In Primary And Secondary Schools

People have become increasingly skeptical, because we are living in a suspicious society. As the core element of society, education is being invaded by various factors. Each element of education system might be eroded and thereby P.E. curriculum is also affected.With the development of elementary education in China, P.E curriculum has went through stumblingly for a hundred years. The long history of P.E curriculum indicates that it always and certainly exists in the curriculum system of schools. As an important aspect of education,P.E. should be attached adequate attention. Helping students to learn the spirits and skills of P.E. and to become people who owe both health body and life skills can meet the expectations of the society and also can help people to fulfill their internal needs of living a perfect life.According to internal structures and external function standards,field interviewing, deep interviewing, surveys and practical experiences,five kinds of problems had been concluded: deviation from the P.E.curriculum objectives, class with excessive members, resources crisis of P.E. curriculum, deformed structure of P.E. curriculum and dissimilation of P.E. curriculum evaluation. There are five chapters that discuss the diagnostic basis and occurrence mechanism, main types, etiological analysis and last the preventive action and treatment on curriculum diseases.Although different problems might lead to similar symptoms, the typical symptoms are varied: the deviation of objectives can be explainedby the fact that there is P.E. curriculum without adequate education, weak motor skills as well as the waste of resources. Excessive numbers can distort the structure and threat the functions of curriculums, damaging teachers and students from emotional and physical aspects. Resources crisis includes deficient resources, obstruction and imbalance.There are four main reasons of those problems that mentioned above:First, from the perspective of the external environment, the utilitarianism has led to the dissimilation and affected the original function of education; excessive test system stroke patterns of education and P.E. curriculum has been forced to be marginalized. And there is a lost in social identity of P.E. curriculum, and thus leading to the exhaust and imbalance of resources.Secondly, the signal form of structure makes students lose their option of P.E. curriculum. At the same time, excessive curriculums have become students’ burden.Thirdly, there is the exacerbation of P.E. curriculum that caused by teachers from subjective and objective perspectives.Fourthly, from the evaluation of P.E. curriculum, the constraining force is weakened due to the deviation of curriculum concept. Besides,there are connection problems of P.E. curriculum and education evaluation system.According to those problems, there are four basic strategy tactics of prevention and treatment.Firstly, the optimization designs of the top-level system structure. In accordance with the education concepts(human’s integrated development and sustainable development), perfecting the test evaluation system.Secondly, the optimization of integration: to definite the description of P.E. curriculum in primary and secondary schools, through the integration of phases of studying and individual optional course system,relying on the project-based course and motor skills to represent the values of the curriculum so as to help students achieve the combination of P.E. study’s individuation and permanency, also to organize the integration of P.E. curriculum system in primary and secondary schools.Thirdly, optimizing the assessment system of P.E. curriculum, which means it should focus on encouraging student to realize their physical education achievement and establishing a reasonable assessment principle.According to the three-dimensional curriculum objectives(knowledge and skills, processes and methods, emotional attitudes and value) that proposed by new curriculum, trying to establish the standard assessments of students’ students’ cognitive accomplishment, motor skill accomplishment and value, so as to solve problems in P.E. curriculum of primary and secondary schools.Fourthly, optimizing the selection and employment system of P.E.teachers and selecting and fostering more qualified professional teachers:on one hand, strengthening teachers’ sense of honor and attracting more talented teachers; on the other hand, optimizing the professional training courses in colleges so as to link the practical demand of primary andsecondary curriculums. At the same time, it is necessary to use informational ways to improve P.E. teachers’ professional ethics and quality.