Research On Governance Of Sports Private Non-Enterprise Units

Sports private non-enterprise units are considered as one category of the sports social organizations, which have the characteristics of public welfare, substantive, nongovernment, and service. Under the background of the transformation of government functions, it becomes the main part of public sports services supply, undertaking important social responsibilities. However, at present, both the government and the academics pay little attention to sports private non-enterprise units, so the relevant study is almost in blank. From the perspective of governance, this dissertation discusses the existing problems in the development of sports private non-enterprise units, and puts forward proposals of governance improvement through building internal and external governance structures in order to solve the problems remain unsolved and provide a feasible way for the sustainable development in the future. Research methods used in this dissertation include document literature method, interview method, comparison method, and case study method. Main conclusions drawn from the dissertation:(1) the development of sports private non-enterprise units have been influenced by some problems existing in its concept. (2)From the perspective of civil subject types, sports private non-enterprise units can be divided into three categories, namely, the legal person, partnership and individual. While, from the perspective of sponsorship types, it can be divided into government-run type and private domination type. (3)Sports private non-enterprise units gain quite a low degree of social recognition, but the number increases rapidly with an unbalanced regional development and industry-centralized distribution, which have more hierarchy distribution at the grass-root level.whereas, the official organizations account for a great proportion. Existing problems in the development process include that the government-run organizations cannot distinguish responsibilities of the units and cannot dispose of issues separately, while, the private domination units are striving for seeking profit, struggling to live. Besides, since it plays a limited role in public welfare, the whole industry is lack of credibility and effective supervision. Such kinds of problems can only be solved by effective governance, for which it is of great importance to build internal governance structure of mutual restriction and balanced allocation and create an external oversight environment with the interaction of self-disciplined government and industry as well as other parties with relevant interest. (4)The board is the core of internal governance structure of sports private non-enterprise units. The board performs the role of making final decisions on behalf of the parties with different interest and then they jointly manage the organization. The system of the board of supervisors reflects the internal self-discipline of the organization, which avoids the emergence of violation of the mission with the oversight of the board and the director of the executive agency. (5)The external governance of sports private non-enterprise units includes government supervision, industry self-discipline, and the oversight of other relevant parties with mutual interest. Optimization of government supervision abides by the principles that it should support the establishment of the organization, and the regulatory policies vary between public welfares and mutual-benefit organizations. (6)Preferential policies should be inclined to public welfare organizations, and the supervision of which should be focused on the organizational behavior. (7)Industry self-discipline of sports private non-enterprise units reflects the self-regulation of social organizations. The industry standards have to be formulated and assessments are necessary to be made for member organizations, and illegal organizations should be punished based on the industry self-disciplines. (8)Donors, service objects, and the public jointly form the other main body of supervision, while, the concrete information disclosure mechanism and the third-party evaluation mechanism have been found to be the important ways to ensure the effective supervision.