International Migration Of Mainland China’s Population

Since the 1980s, with the development of science and technology and the modern means of communication and transport coming into being, the process of economic globalization has advanced with an unprecedented speed. Economic globalization has not only brought about flow of commodities, capital and information across borders, but also frequent migration of people across countries.In the context of economic globalization, since its open-door policy in the late 1970s, China has developed increasingly close ties with the outside world, thus frequent international migration of its population. According to the Chinese Public Security Yearbook of Immigration data, since the reform and opening-up, 35 million people have been approved to leave this country. More than 800,000 people from 1979 to 2005 were approved directly by the public security organs to leave China and settle down abroad, and up to 8.25 million people were temporarily absent from China for studying, visiting family or working abroad. The Consular Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs estimates that by 2005, over two million new immigrants from Mainland China obtained right of residence in all parts of the world. According to the Ministry of Education, from 1978 to end of 2006, overseas students from China amounted to a total of 1.067 million, among which only 275,000 people returned. Despite different channels of statistics, all these figures indicate to a full extent that with the deepening of the reform and opening-up, and economic globalization, the international migration of Chinese citizens has shown a significant growth.The rapid increase of international migration of Mainland China’s population is not only significant to the immigrant groups themselves, but is bound to have a great impact on China and other countries and regions all over the world. This paper aims to reveal the status quo of Mainland China’s population migrating to other countries and its impact, both economic and social, on China itself and the world. Based on the statistic analysis concerning population moving into and out of China, this paper also puts forward some solutions to extending the positive impact and reducing the negative part.This paper, using a large number of relevant information, demographic, economic and social, places a special emphasis on empirical analysis, looking in depth and systematically into the status quo of Mainland China’s population moving abroad and its concrete impact on economic and social development. On this basis, this paper also discusses the formation mechanism of international migration of population and its influential factors, and explores population policy from the perspective of international migration.This paper consists of nine chapters.Chapter One gives a brief introduction to the domestic and international background of international migration of Mainland China’s population, the research status quo in this specific area at home and abroad, and the research purposes, the research methods as well as the data sources concerning this paper.Chapter Two first discusses the basic concept, the theory and the system of international migration of population. Then a review of the theory follows with a hypothetical model put forward combining all sorts of macro and micro factors.Chapter Three reviews the historical process of internationally immigrated population of the pre-reform-and-opening-up Mainland China, accounts for the historical evolution of foreigners moving into China, and analyzes the status quo of international migration of Mainland China’s population since the reform and opening-up.Chapter Four focuses on the analysis of the policy evolution of international migration of Mainland China’s population since the founding of New China, covering immigration policy changes, overseas Chinese policy changes, the evolution of migration policy concerning overseas Chinese students, the emergence and management of intermediary organizations for overseas education, the evolution of labor export policy, and finally the government’s attitude towards international people smuggling.Chapter Five gives an analysis of the relations between economic development and international migration of Mainland China’s population, the impact of population immigrating internationally on China’s economy, and its impact on the world’s economy.Chapter Six analyzes the impact of international migration of Mainland China’s population on social development including social impact on the gap between the rich and the poor, on family structure, medical and health services, the level of education and science and technology, the world’s cultures, the process of urbanization, and so forth.Following on the empirical analyses in the previous chapters, Chapter Seven examines and modifies the theoretical model established in Chapter Two, and. on this basis, analyzes the major issues and the trend of development of the international migration of Mainland China’s population.From the perspective of facilitating international migration of Mainland China’s population, Chapter Eight suggests some corresponding solutions to enabling the country to make full use of the means of population internationally immigrating, promoting harmonious development of our country and the rest of the world, and of the immigrants themselves, and sharing the achievements in international migration.Chapter Nine, Conclusion.This paper has adopted a combina(?)on of analysis methods, quantitative and qualitative, macro and micro, total and structure, and static and dynamic. A bold act has been taken in discussing and exploring some related issues in the paper. As some conclusions in this paper are formed on the basis of analysis as bold predictions and due to the author’s limited knowledge and vision, those conclusions may need further studies and discussions.