Migration Of China In Transition

Since China carried out reform and opening policy, the migration in China has increased yearly, particularly in the late 1980s, which became a significant focus concerned by the public. China has a large number of population, rural population are absolute majority. There are numerous surplus labors to transfer in the countryside. Generally, the migration of China is result from institutional changes and the economy transformation. The reforming on household registration system(hukou) and the freedom on migration regulation directly lead to the increasing of migration. However, the deep reason for the large-scale migration arisen from the income gap between rural areas and urban areas, and the income gap between different regions. In term of the past population census and one percent population sample surveys, the size of migration population in China became larger and larger. The direction of migration is basically from rural to urban, from western developing districts to eastern developed districts. Because of traditional conventions, household registration system and the discrimination policies on labor market, the migration in China appear to the pattern of pendulum.This Article used double-logarithmic model of migration to analyze reasons of the migration. It is found that there are many factors which make people move from one place to another, such as: the income gap between the origin and the destination, the number of population, the density of population, the unemployment rate, per capital of cultivated land, enrollment ratio of college, etc. Migration has both positive and negative influence on social economy. On the positive aspect, migration provides sufficient and low-priced labor force for the destination improves the contradiction between people and land in the origin and increases the income of residents in origin. On the negative aspect, the immigrate of large number of people brings huge pressure to fundamental facilities and the municipal management, also influence the agricultural output in some district negatively. But the positive effect of migration on economic and social development gains an advantage over negative effect. Migration has contribute to the change of China's dual economy.There are some difference between my article and other's article:1.The article used double-logarithmic model of migration to analyze reasons of interprovincial migration, basing on the fifth population census. When choosing independent variable, I considered the fact of China. For example, I put the ratio of output value of township enterprises, enrollment ratio of college, the number of population into the model.2. The article use the method of quantitive analysis about effects of migration on economic and social development taking Shenzhen for example. Previously, many article use the method of qualitative analysis.